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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2025-12-1-27-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-1127</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение лучевой терапии на метастатические очаги у пациентов с нейробластомой группы высокого риска в терапии первой линии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiation therapy to metastatic sites among patients with high-risk neuroblastoma in first-line therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-4477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаманская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamanskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Викторовна Шаманская - д.м.н., врач-детский онколог, заведующая отделом изучения эмбриональных опухолей Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Embryonal Tumors of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Tatyana.Shamanskaya@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7107-3165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воеводина</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voevodina</surname><given-names>Yu. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-радиотерапевт отделения лучевой терапии </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Radiotherapist of the Radiation Therapy Department </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuliya.voevodina@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-9056</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усычкина</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usychkina</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-радиотерапевт отделения лучевой терапии </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Radiotherapist of the Radiation Therapy Department </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastasia.usychkina@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6158-2222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ликарь</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Likar</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заведующий отделом ядерной медицины </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Radiologist, Head of the Nuclear Medicine Department </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Yury.Likar@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7427-4560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кайлаш</surname><given-names>Ч.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kailash</surname><given-names>Ch.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-радиолог отделения радионуклидной диагностики и терапии </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Radiologist of the Department of Radionuclide Diagnostics and Therapy </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kailash@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9830-5686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дунайкин</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dunaykin</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-радиолог отделения радионуклидной диагностики и терапии </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Radiologist of the Department of Radionuclide Diagnostics and Therapy</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maksim.dunaykin@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-8783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заместитель директора Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины и заведующий отделением клинической онкологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine &amp; Head of the Department of Clinical Oncology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denis.kachanov@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-6157</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечеснюк</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechesnyuk</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий отделением лучевой терапии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Radiologist, Head of the Radiation Therapy Department</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">al.nechesnyuk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени &#13;
Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шаманская Т.В., Воеводина Ю.М., Усычкина А.Ю., Ликарь Ю.Н., Кайлаш Ч., Дунайкин М.М., Качанов Д.Ю., Нечеснюк А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шаманская Т.В., Воеводина Ю.М., Усычкина А.Ю., Ликарь Ю.Н., Кайлаш Ч., Дунайкин М.М., Качанов Д.Ю., Нечеснюк А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shamanskaya T.V., Voevodina Y.M., Usychkina A.Y., Likar Y.N., Kailash C., Dunaykin M.M., Kachanov D.Y., Nechesnyuk A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/1127">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/1127</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Дистанционная лучевая терапия (ЛТ) является одним из компонентов мультимодального лечения пациентов с нейробластомой (НБ) группы высокого риска и в комбинации с хирургическим лечением служит обязательным элементом локального контроля над первичной опухолью. При этом применение ЛТ на метастатические очаги, персистирующие после завершения этапа индукционной терапии, не является стандартом протокольного лечения у первичных пациентов с НБ группы высокого риска. Облучение метастатических очагов в терапии НБ первой линии и вклад ЛТ в улучшение отдаленной выживаемости и снижение частоты рецидивов продолжают изучаться.</p><p>Цель исследования – изучить подходы к проведению ЛТ на единичные метастатические очаги, сохраняющиеся после завершения этапа индукционного лечения, у пациентов с НБ группы высокого риска в рамках этапа консолидации при проведении терапии первой линии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ретроспективный анализ были включены 11 пациентов с НБ группы высокого риска, которым в рамках терапии первой линии была проведена ЛТ на метастатические очаги в НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева за период с 01.2012 по 12.2023. Больные получали терапию по модифицированному протоколу GPОH-NB2004. Показанием для проведения ЛТ считалось сохранение единичного метастатического очага, выявляемого по данным сцинтиграфии с 123I-метайодбензилгуанидином или компьютерной томографии/магнитно-резонансной томографии после завершения этапа индукционной химиотерапии (ХТ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Медиана возраста пациентов, включенных в исследование, на момент постановки диагноза НБ составила 31,9 мес (разброс 9,4–128,6 мес). У всех детей инициально установлена 4-я стадия заболевания (1 пациент был с метастатической формой НБ при локализации очага в орбите без выявления первичной опухоли). Амплификация гена MYCN выявлена в 4/11 (36 %) случаях. Индукционная терапия была завершена с достижением частичного ответа у 10/11 (91 %) больных. Во всех случаях облучался только 1 метастатический очаг. Двум пациентам было проведено облучение и первичной опухоли, и метастатического очага.</p><p>Десяти пациентам проводилась ЛТ на очаги, локализованные в костях скелета, одному – на отдаленный лимфатический узел. Для облучения большинства метастатических очагов (64 %) использовался режим фракционирования по 1,5 Гр 1 раз в день до достижения суммарной очаговой дозы 21 Гр. Медиана длительности наблюдения составила 40 мес (разброс 13–97 мес). Рецидив в поле облучения метастатического очага развился только у одного больного. Трехлетняя безрецидивная и общая выживаемость составили 54 % и 80 % соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. ЛТ в лечении НБ группы высокого риска может являться эффективным методом локального контроля при олигометастатическом заболевании или при сохранении единичных метастатических очагов после завершения этапа индукционной ХТ. Необходимы дополнительные крупные исследования для подтверждения роли ЛТ в улучшении выживаемости при облучении метастатических очагов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the components of multimodal treatment among patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB), and in combination with surgical treatment is a mandatory element of local control of the primary tumor. At the same time, RT for metastatic sites persisting after completion of induction therapy is not a standard protocol treatment in primary patients with high-risk NB. The effect of RT on metastatic sites on improving long-term survival and reducing recurrence rates continues to be studied.</p><p>Aim to the study – to investigate approaches to RT for single metastatic foci persisting after induction therapy among patients with NB highrisk group as part of the consolidation phase of first-line therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis included 11 patients with high-risk NB who underwent RT for metastatic foci as part of first-line therapy at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia from 01.2012 to 12.2023. Patients received therapy according to the modified protocol GPON-NB2004. The indication for RT was the persistence of a single metastatic site detected by 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy or computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging after completion of induction chemotherapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The median age was 31.9 months (range 9.4–128.6 months). All patients were initially with stage 4 disease (one patient had metastatic focus in the orbit without detection of the primary tumor). MYCN gene amplification was detected in 4/11 (36 %) cases. 10/11 (91 %) patients achieved а partial response after induction therapy. In all cases, only one metastatic focus was irradiated. 2/11 patients received radiation to both the primary tumor and metastatic focus.</p><p>10/11 patients received RT to metastatic sites localized in skeletal bones, 1/11 – to a distant lymph node. Seven of 11 sites received 21 Gy in 14 fractions. The median follow-up was 40 months (range 13–97 months). Only 1 of 11 patients receiving metastatic site irradiation experienced relapse in an irradiated distant site 24 months later. The 3-year relapse-free survival and overall survival were 54 % and 80 % respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. RT may be an effective method of local control in oligometastatic disease and in case of persisted single metastatic foci after induction chemotherapy in the treatment of high-risk NB. Additional large studies are needed to confirm the role of RT in improving survival with irradiation of metastatic sites.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейробластома</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>группа высокого риска</kwd><kwd>лучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>метастазы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuroblastoma</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>high-risk group</kwd><kwd>radiation therapy</kwd><kwd>metastases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maris J.M. Recent advances in neuroblastoma. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(23):2202–11. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra0804577.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maris J.M. Recent advances in neuroblastoma. 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