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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2025-12-4-37-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-1227</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Отдаленные токсические эффекты химиолучевой терапии у пациентов с медуллобластомой группы стандартного риска</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Long-term toxicities of chemoradiotherapy in children with standard-risk medulloblastoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8049-1908</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Флегонтов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Flegontov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, врач-детский онколог отделения нейроонкологии</p><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Researcher, Pediatric Oncologist, Department of Neuro-Oncology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drew_23@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-8622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Друй</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Druy</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заведующий лабораторией молекулярной онкологии </p><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Oncology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexander.druy@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8562-8945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Процветкина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Protsvetkina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>биостатистик отдела биостатистики </p><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Biostatistician, Department of Biostatistics</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.procvetkina@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3412-5380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайнуллина</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaynullina</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>медицинский психолог отделения клинической психологии; аспирант кафедры нейро- и патопсихологии факультета психологии  </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Medical Psychologist, Department of Clinical Psychology,  Postgraduate Researcher, Department of Neuro- and Pathopsychology, Faculty of Psychology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p><p>1 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dina.gaynullina@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7620-3206</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник, медицинский психолог отделения клинической психологии </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Medical Psychologist, Department of Clinical Psychology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maria.evdokimova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-5252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyina</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-детский эндокринолог консультативного отделения </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Pediatric Endocrinologist, Consultative Department</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena.ilina@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0628-1726</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артемов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artyomov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-рентгенолог рентгенологического отделения </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Radiologist, Department of Radiology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anton.artemov@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1261-2963</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горностаев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gornostaev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-лучевой терапевт отделения лучевой терапии </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Radiation Oncologist, Department of Radiation Therapy</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimir.gornostaev@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9846-2793</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сальникова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salnikova</surname><given-names>E. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-детский онколог, старший научный сотрудник отдела оптимизации терапии опухолей центральной нервной системы, заведующая отделом клинико-экспертной работы </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Pediatric Oncologist, Senior Researcher, Department of Optimization of Therapy for Central Nervous System Tumors, Head of the Department of Clinical and Expert Work</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina.salnikova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1920-9343</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сысоев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sysoev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог отделения нейроонкологии </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist, Department of Neuro-Oncology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrey.sysoev@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-5928</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меришавян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merishavyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог отделения нейроонкологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist, Department of Neuro-Oncology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artur.merishavyan@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2189-8126</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колдашева</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koldasheva</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог отделения нейроонкологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist, Department of Neuro-Oncology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marina.koldasheva@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9722-4590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтярев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Degtyarev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог отделения нейроонкологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist, Department of Neuro-Oncology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vitaly.degtyarev@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0899-5957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касич</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasich</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог отделения нейроонкологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist, Department of Neuro-Oncology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igor.kasich@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3513-8060</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelyanova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог консультативного отделения </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist, Consultative Department</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">diana.emelyanova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6296-4305</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вилесова</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vilesova</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог стационара кратковременного лечения </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist, Short-Stay Treatment Unit</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina.vilesova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новичкова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novichkova</surname><given-names>G. A</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, научный руководитель, главный внештатный детский специалист онколог-гематолог Минздрава России </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Scientific Director </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galina.novichkova@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-3233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грачев</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grachev</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, генеральный директор </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, General Director</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikolay.grachev@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9300-198X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карачунский</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karachunskiy</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, директор Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexander.karachunski@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7750-5216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Папуша</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Papusha</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заведующая отделением нейроонкологии, заведующая отделом оптимизации терапии опухолей центральной нервной системы </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Neuro-Oncology, Head of the Department of Optimization of Therapy for Central Nervous System Tumors</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lydmila.papusha@dgoi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России; ФГБУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Флегонтов А.Н., Друй А.Е., Процветкина А.В., Гайнуллина Д.Р., Евдокимова М.А., Ильина Е.Ю., Артемов А.В., Горностаев В.В., Сальникова Е.А., Сысоев А.Е., Меришавян А.А., Колдашева М.М., Дегтярев В.А., Касич И.Н., Емельянова Д.А., Вилесова И.Г., Новичкова Г.А., Грачев Н.С., Карачунский А.И., Папуша Л.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Флегонтов А.Н., Друй А.Е., Процветкина А.В., Гайнуллина Д.Р., Евдокимова М.А., Ильина Е.Ю., Артемов А.В., Горностаев В.В., Сальникова Е.А., Сысоев А.Е., Меришавян А.А., Колдашева М.М., Дегтярев В.А., Касич И.Н., Емельянова Д.А., Вилесова И.Г., Новичкова Г.А., Грачев Н.С., Карачунский А.И., Папуша Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Flegontov A.N., Druy A.E., Protsvetkina A.V., Gaynullina D.R., Evdokimova M.A., Ilyina E.Y., Artyomov A.V., Gornostaev V.V., Salnikova E.А., Sysoev A.E., Merishavyan A.A., Koldasheva M.M., Degtyarev V.A., Kasich I.N., Emelyanova D.A., Vilesova I.G., Novichkova G.A., Grachev N.S., Karachunskiy A.I., Papusha L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/1227">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/1227</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Медуллобластома (МБ) – одна из наиболее частых злокачественных опухолей центральной нервной системы у детей. В группе стандартного риска 5-летняя общая выживаемость достигает 75–85 %, однако высокая эффективность лечения сопровождается высоким риском развития отдаленных токсических эффектов, оказывающих существенное влияние на качество жизни пациентов. К наиболее распространенным осложнениям относятся когнитивные и эндокринные нарушения, нейросенсорная тугоухость и сколиоз. При этом наблюдение за пациентами в отдаленные сроки остается нестандартизированным.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы: комплексная оценка структуры и частоты отдаленных осложнений химиолучевой терапии у детей с МБ группы стандартного риска и выявление факторов, влияющих на их развитие.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ 144 пациентов с МБ группы стандартного риска, получавших лечение в НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева в 2013–2023 гг. Все пациенты после операции получили краниоспинальное облучение в дозе 23,4–24,0 Гр или 35,2–36,0 Гр с бустом до 54–55 Гр и поддерживающей химиотерапией (ломустин, цисплатин, винкристин). Для оценки большинства отдаленных эффектов (эндокринные нарушения, нейросенсорная тугоухость, сколиоз, хроническая нутритивная недостаточность, полинейропатия) использованы клинико-лабораторные данные 55 пациентов, нарушения психической деятельности проанализированы у 30, онкологический катамнез для оценки развития радиоиндуцированных опухолей был доступен у 144 пациентов. Частота осложнений оценивалась по кривым кумулятивной частоты с учетом конкурирующих рисков, сравнение подгрупп – с использованием теста Грея, значения считались достоверными при p &lt; 0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Медиана возраста на момент начала лучевой терапии составила 8,2 года, медиана наблюдения – 3,2 года. Наиболее частыми осложнениями были когнитивные (96,7 %) и эндокринные (89,1 %) нарушения. Реже отмечались сколиоз (50,9 %), нейросенсорная тугоухость (47,3 %), нутритивная недостаточность (32,7 %) и полинейропатия (25,5 %), вторичные опухоли зарегистрированы у 4,2 % пациентов. Среди нарушений психической деятельности наиболее часто наблюдались снижение нейродинамических параметров, внимания, памяти, психоэмоциональной устойчивости и трудности обучения. После завершения терапии статистически значимо увеличивалась частота нарушений памяти (p = 0,01) и трудностей обучения (p = 0,027). Признаки соматотропной недостаточности выявлены у 70,1 % пациентов (медиана времени до манифестации – 1,7 года), у 43 % диагноз был подтвержден, заместительная терапия гормоном роста инициирована лишь у трети пациентов. Гипотиреоз диагностирован в 69,1 % случаев, вторичный гипокортицизм – в 21,8 %, нарушения гонадной функции – в 16,4 %. Дефицит соматотропного гормона и гипотиреоз развивались значимо раньше у пациентов, получивших краниоспинальное облучение в дозе 35,2 Гр, однако их долгосрочная частота была сопоставимой с группой пациентов, получивших 23,4 Гр. Кумулятивная частота развития радиоиндуцированных опухолей через 6 лет после начала терапии составила 4,7 %, в структуре преобладали диффузные глиомы высокой степени злокачественности (n = 3), медиана выживаемости при которых не превышала 1 года.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Химиолучевая терапия МБ группы стандартного риска сопровождается развитием отдаленных осложнений, преимущественно когнитивных и эндокринных, однако при своевременном выявлении большинство из них могут хорошо контролироваться. Неоправданная деэскалация лечения без надежных прогностических оснований недопустима ввиду высокого риска фатальных рецидивов. Систематический мониторинг поздних эффектов терапии, применение современных методов снижения токсичности и развитие программ реабилитации позволяют улучшить качество жизни выживших пациентов и должны рассматриваться как неотъемлемая часть ведения пациентов с МБ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most common malignant brain tumors in children. In the standard-risk group, 5-year overall survival reaches 75–85 %, however, high treatment efficacy is accompanied by a considerable risk of late toxic effects that substantially impact patients’ quality of life. The most prevalent complications include cognitive and endocrine disorders, sensorineural hearing loss, and scoliosis. Long-term follow-up of survivors remains non-standardized.</p><p>The aim of this study was to comprehensively assess the spectrum and frequency of late effects after chemoradiotherapy in children with standard-risk MB and to identify factors influencing their development.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis was performed in 144 patients with standard-risk MB treated at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center between 2013 and 2023. All patients received craniospinal irradiation at a dose of 23.4–24.0 Gy or 35.2–36.0 Gy with a posterior fossa boost to 54–55 Gy, followed by maintenance chemotherapy (lomustine, cisplatin, vincristine). To assess late effects (endocrine dysfunction, sensorineural hearing loss, scoliosis, chronic nutritional deficiency, polyneuropathy), detailed clinical and laboratory data were available for 55 patients, neurocognitive outcomes were analyzed in 30, and oncologic follow-up for secondary tumors in all 144. The cumulative incidence of complications was estimated using competing-risks methodology, subgroup comparisons were performed with Gray’s test, with p &lt; 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The median age at the start of radiotherapy was 8.2 years, median follow-up 3.2 years. The most frequent late effects were cognitive (96.7 %) and endocrine disorders (89.1 %). Less frequent complications included scoliosis (50.9 %), sensorineural hearing loss (47.3 %), nutritional deficiency (32.7 %), and polyneuropathy (25.5 %), secondary neoplasms occurred in 4.2 % of patients. The most common cognitive impairments involved reduced psychomotor speed, attention, memory, emotional stability, and learning ability. Following therapy, a statistically significant increase was observed in the frequency of memory impairment (p = 0.01) and learning difficulties (p = 0.027). Growth hormone deficiency was detected in 70.1 % of patients (median time to onset – 1.7 years), the diagnosis was confirmed in 43 %, and growth hormones replacement therapy was initiated in only one-third. Hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 69.1 %, secondary adrenal insufficiency in 21.8 %, and gonadal dysfunction in 16.4 %. Growth hormone deficiency and hypothyroidism developed significantly earlier in patients who received craniospinal irradiation 35.2 Gy, although their long-term cumulative incidence was similar to those treated with 23.4 Gy. The 6-year cumulative incidence of secondary neoplasms was 4.7 %; most were high-grade diffuse gliomas (n = 3) with a median survival not exceeding one year.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Chemoradiotherapy for standard-risk MB is associated with a wide spectrum of late toxicities, predominantly cognitive and endocrine, most of which can be effectively managed when detected in a timely manner. Unwarranted de-escalation of therapy without reliable prognostic justification is unacceptable due to the high risk of fatal relapse. Systematic long-term monitoring of late effects, application of modern toxicity-reduction approaches, and comprehensive rehabilitation programs are essential components of optimal survivorship care for patients with MB.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медуллобластома</kwd><kwd>группа стандартного риска</kwd><kwd>химиолучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>краниоспинальное облучение</kwd><kwd>отдаленные токсические эффекты</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>эндокринные осложнения</kwd><kwd>ототоксичность</kwd><kwd>радиоиндуцированные опухоли</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medulloblastoma</kwd><kwd>standard-risk group</kwd><kwd>chemo-radiotherapy</kwd><kwd>craniospinal irradiation</kwd><kwd>late toxic effects</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>endocrine complications</kwd><kwd>ototoxicity</kwd><kwd>radiation-induced tumours</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coltin H., Pequeno P., Liu N., Tsang D.S., Gupta S., Taylor M.D., Bouff et E., Nathan P.C., Ramaswamy V. 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