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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2025-12-4-76-82</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-1235</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка иммунного статуса при использовании иммунотерапии у ребенка с GD2-позитивной опухолью Вильмса. Клинический случай</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immunomonitoring in GD2-positive Wilms tumor immunotherapy. A case report</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0390-8498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulyova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующая детским онкологическим отделением, ведущий научный сотрудник научного отдела инновационных методов терапевтической онкологии и реабилитации, профессор учебно-методического отдела; заведующая кафедрой онкологии, детской онкологии и лучевой терапии </p><p>197758, Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Pediatric Oncology Department, Leading Researcher of the Research Department of Innovative Therapeutic Oncology and Rehabilitation Methods, Professor of the Training and Methodology Department; Head of the Department of Oncology, Pediatric Oncology and Radiation Therapy</p><p> </p><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochny, Saint Petersburg, 197758</p><p>2 Litovskaya St., Saint Petersburg, 194100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulevadoc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1235-3829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Просекина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prosekina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>биолог патологоанатомического отделения с прозектурой </p><p>197758, Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Biologist Pathology Department with a Prosector </p><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochny, Saint Petersburg, 197758</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elizaveta.prosekina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7472-4613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балдуева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baldueva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заведующая научным отделом онкоиммунологии, ведущий научный сотрудник, врач-онколог </p><p>197758, Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Scientific Department of Oncoimmunology, Leading Researcher, Oncologist</p><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochny, Saint Petersburg, 197758</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">biahome@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5004-1543</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борокшинова</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borokshinova</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог детского онкологического отделения </p><p>197758, Санкт-Петербург, пос. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская, 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist of Pediatric Oncology Department </p><p>68 Leningradskaya St., Pesochny, Saint Petersburg, 197758</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bk0807@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0301-8455</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельева</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelieva</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заведующая лабораторией экспериментальной медицины, профессор кафедры биологической химии </p><p>194100, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Литовская, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Professor of the Department of Biological Chemistry </p><p>2 Litovskaya St., Saint Petersburg, 194100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga_chechina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-539X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рубанская</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rubanskaya</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая детским онкологическим отделением № 1 (химиотерапии опухолей торакоабдоминальной локализации) НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Pediatric Oncology Department № 1 (Chemotherapy of Tumors of Thoracoabdominal Localization) of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marishvecova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-1783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варфоломеева</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varfolomeeva</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, директор НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov </p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.varfolomeeva@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кулева С.А., Просекина Е.А., Балдуева И.А., Борокшинова К.М., Савельева О.Е., Рубанская М.В., Варфоломеева С.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кулева С.А., Просекина Е.А., Балдуева И.А., Борокшинова К.М., Савельева О.Е., Рубанская М.В., Варфоломеева С.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kulyova S.A., Prosekina E.A., Baldueva I.A., Borokshinova K.M., Savelieva O.E., Rubanskaya M.V., Varfolomeeva S.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/1235">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/1235</self-uri><abstract><p>За последние десятилетия выживаемость пациентов с рефрактерными опухолями увеличивается очень медленными темпами. Успехом минувшей декады стало образование новых классов препаратов – таргетных, создаваемых для воздействия на определенные молекулярные мишени, включая иммуно-онкологические препараты, направленные на поверхностные мембранные и внутриклеточные мишени. В данной статье представлено клиническое наблюдение пациентки с GD2-позитивной опухолью Вильмса, которой в качестве реиндукционного лечения была проведена химиоиммунотерапия с использованием анти-GD2моноклональных антител. В рамках иммуномониторинга в периферической крови были оценены основные параметры клеточного иммунитета, а также их динамика в процессе лечения. В ходе анализа динамики иммунного статуса все наблюдаемые параметры, связанные с неблагоприятным исходом заболевания, – количество регуляторных T-клеток и миелоидных клетоксупрессоров, были на низких уровнях. Исключение составил показатель соотношения абсолютного количества нейтрофилов и лимфоцитов, который превышал норму в 3–4 раза. Кроме того, после 2 курсов химиоиммунотерапии увеличилось количество NK-клеток (CD3–CD16+CD56+) и активированных HLA–DR+CD8+-клеток, которые также представлены в иммуносупрессивном кластере лимфоцитов. В последующем, несмотря на увеличение на фоне химиоиммунотерапии уровней иммуноактивирующих субпопуляций клеток в 1,5–3,0 раза (за исключением γδ-Т-клеток), иммуносупрессивный паттерн лимфоцитов также реагировал в сторону увеличения, однако повышение его показателей было не таким значимым. Исключением явились регуляторные T-клетки, количество которых повысилось втрое. Данные изменения сопутствовали прогрессированию злокачественного заболевания. Возможно, в будущем необходимо рассмотреть вопрос комбинации иммуноонкологических препаратов в целях усиления эффекторных функций Т-клеток и/или ингибирования иммуносупрессивных путей. В этом контексте для оптимизации комбинации химиоиммунотерапии могут быть использованы проанализированные системные иммуномаркеры периферической крови.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Over the past decades, survival rate for patients with refractory tumors have been increasing at a very slow. The success of the last decade has been the formation of new classes of drugs – targeting, created to affect certain intracellular molecular targets, as well as immuno-oncological, aimed at surface receptor targets. This article presents a clinical case of a patient with a GD2-positive Wilms tumor who received chemoimmunotherapy using anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies as reinduction treatment. Within the framework of peripheral blood immunomonitoring, the picture of the main parameters of cellular immunity, as well as their dynamics during treatment, was assessed. During the analysis of the immune status dynamics, all observed parameters associated with an unfavorable outcome, namely the number of regulatory T cells and myeloid suppressor cells, were at low levels. The exception was the absolute neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio, which exceeded the norm by 3–4 times. In addition, after 2 courses of chemoimmunotherapy, the number of NK (CD3–CD16+CD56+) and activated HLA–DR+CD8+ cells, which are also present in the immunosuppressive lymphocyte cluster, increased. Subsequently, despite an increase in the levels of immunoactivating subpopulations of cells by 1.5–3.0 times (with the exception of γδ T cells), the immunosuppressive pattern of lymphocytes also reacted upward, but the increase in its indicators was not so significant. Again, the exception was regulatory T cells, the number of which tripled. These changes were associated with the progression of the malignant disease. A combination of immuno-oncology agents may need to be considered in the future to enhance T cell effector functions and/or inhibit immunosuppressive pathways. In this context, analyzed systemic immunomarkers in peripheral blood can be used to optimize the combination of chemoimmunotherapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>GD2-антиген</kwd><kwd>моноклональные антитела</kwd><kwd>опухоль Вильмса</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>GD2 antigen</kwd><kwd>monoclonal antibodies</kwd><kwd>Wilms tumor</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spreafico F., Fernandez C.V., Brok J., Nakata K., Vujanic G., Geller J.I., Gessler M., Maschietto M., Behjati S., Polanco A., Paintsil V., Luna-Fineman S., Pritchard-Jones K. Wilms tumour. 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