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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2025-12-4-89-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-1237</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы терапии и поиска куративных опций при младенческом остром В-клеточном лимфобластном лейкозе: клинический случай</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of therapy and search for curative options in infantile acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia: a clinical case</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2395-4045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мачнева</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Machneva</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-гематолог отделения детской трансплантации костного мозга и гемопоэтических стволовых клеток НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова; врач-гематолог отделения трансплантации костного мозга </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p><p>119571, Москва, Ленинский просп., 117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Hematologist, Department of Pediatric Bone Marrow and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov; Hematologist, Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation </p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p><p>117 Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lena.machneva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3225-8412</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеенко</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeenko</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог отделения детской трансплантации костного мозга и гемопоэтических стволовых клеток НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist, Department of Pediatric Bone Marrow and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov </p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karina_s19@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3005-2085</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батманова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batmanova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая отделением детской онкологии и гематологии (химиотерапия гемобластозов) № 2 НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (Chemotherapy of Hemoblastoses No. 2), Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov </p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">batmanova_nataly@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8350-4153</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шервашидзе</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shervashidze</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая отделением детской онкологии и гематологии (химиотерапии и клеточных технологий) НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (Cell Technologies), Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shervashidze85@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1469-2365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валиев</surname><given-names>Т. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valiev</surname><given-names>T. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заведующий отделением детской онкологии и гематологии (химиотерапия гемобластозов) № 1 НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (Chemotherapy of Hemoblastoses No. 1), Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov </p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timurvaliev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2945-284X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киргизов</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirgizov</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заместитель директора по научной и образовательной работе НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова </p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director for Scientific and Educational Work, Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov </p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k.kirgizov@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-1783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варфоломеева</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varfolomeeva</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, директор НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov </p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.varfolomeeva@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; РДКБ – филиал ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital – Branch of the N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мачнева Е.Б., Сергеенко К.А., Батманова Н.А., Шервашидзе М.А., Валиев Т.Т., Киргизов К.И., Варфоломеева С.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мачнева Е.Б., Сергеенко К.А., Батманова Н.А., Шервашидзе М.А., Валиев Т.Т., Киргизов К.И., Варфоломеева С.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Machneva E.B., Sergeenko K.A., Batmanova N.A., Shervashidze M.A., Valiev T.T., Kirgizov K.I., Varfolomeeva S.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/1237">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/1237</self-uri><abstract><p>Младенческий острый В-клеточный лимфобластный лейкоз (В-ОЛЛ) представляет собой редкое заболевание, развивающееся у детей первого года жизни, склонное к агрессивному течению, сочетанию неблагоприятных прогностических факторов, частым рецидивам и «переключению» линии опухолевых клеток с лимфоидной на миелоидную. Кроме того, особенности физиологии и высокая уязвимость организма младенца к влиянию неблагоприятных внешних факторов обусловливают высокую частоту тяжелых осложнений как основного заболевания, так и проводимого специфического лечения, что ограничивает возможности терапии и снижает вероятность благоприятного исхода у таких пациентов. В связи с этим не вызывает сомнений высокая актуальность поиска новых куративных опций, повышающих эффективность и снижающих токсичность терапии В-ОЛЛ у младенцев. Учитывая редкость данного варианта лейкоза, для повышения эффективности его терапии важны как фундаментальные исследования особенностей биологии заболевания и обширные клинические исследования, так и обмен опытом между трансплантационными центрами, участвующими в лечении таких пациентов. Представленный в данной статье клинический случай демонстрирует основные проблемы терапии младенческого В-ОЛЛ: инициальное наличие совокупности неблагоприятных прогностических факторов (перестройка гена MLL, отсутствие экспрессии CD10 на опухолевых клетках, возраст младше 3 месяцев, гиперлейкоцитоз и поражение центральной нервной системы при манифестации), «переключение» линии бластных клеток с лимфоидной на миелоидную, уже на этапе индукционной терапии плохой ответ на глюкокортикостероиды и развитие тяжелых осложнений, ограничивающих возможности интенсификации терапии, рефрактерное течение, рецидив на поздних сроках после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток. При этом индивидуализированный подход и применение новых методов лечения, включая иммунотерапию, клеточную терапию и индукторы апоптоза, позволили спустя год после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток достичь у пациента клинико-гематологической ремиссии с отрицательной минимальной остаточной болезнью даже после рецидива лейкоза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Infantile acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a rare leukemia that develops in children of the first year of life, prone to an aggressive course, a combination of unfavorable prognostic factors, frequent relapses and “switching” of tumor cell differentiation from lymphoid to myeloid. In addition, the physiological features and high vulnerability of the infant's body to the influence of unfavorable external factors cause a high frequency of severe complications of both the underlying disease and the specific treatment, which limits the possibilities of therapy and reduces the likelihood of a favorable outcome in such patients. In this regard, there is no doubt that the search for new curative options that increase the effectiveness and reduce the toxicity of therapy for B-ALL in infants is highly relevant. Given the rarity of this type of leukemia, fundamental studies of the biology of infantile leukemia, extensive clinical trials, and exchange of experience between transplant centers involved in the treatment of such patients are important for improving the effectiveness of its therapy. The clinical case presented in this article demonstrates the main problems of therapy for infantile B-ALL: the initial presence of a set of unfavorable prognostic factors (MLL gene rearrangement, lack of CD10 expression on tumor cells, age under 3 months, hyperleukocytosis, and central nervous system damage at manifestation), “switching” of the blast cell line from lymphoid to myeloid, poor response to glucocorticosteroids and development of severe complications limiting the possibilities of therapy intensification already at the stage of induction therapy, refractory course, relapse at late stages after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Moreover, an individualized approach and the use of new treatment methods, including immunotherapy, cell therapy and apoptosis inducers, allowed the patient to achieve clinical and hematological remission with negative minimal residual disease a year after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, even after a relapse of leukemia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый лимфобластный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>младенцы</kwd><kwd>MLL</kwd><kwd>аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>рецидив</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute lymphoblastic leukemia</kwd><kwd>infants</kwd><kwd>MLL</kwd><kwd>allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>relapse</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knez V., Liu X., Schowinsky J., Pan Z., Wang D., Lorsbach R., Lu C., Luedke C., Haag M., Carstens B., Swisshelm K., Yang L.H., Jug R., Wang E., Liang X. 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