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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2026-13-1-12-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-1259</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-генетические особенности пациентов с синдромом  Ли–Фраумени: опыт НИИ ДОиГ им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and genetic features of patients with Li–Fraumeni syndrome: experience of Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5856-0017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казубская</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazubskaya</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., научный консультант цитологической лаборатории</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p><p>ResearcherID (WOS): F-9084-2019, Scopus Author ID: AGM-6216-2022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Scientific Consultant of Cytological Laboratory</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p><p>Researcher ID (WOS): F-9084-2019, Scopus Author ID: AGM-6216-2022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oncogen5@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2197-8863</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зеленова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zelenova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-генетик научно-консультативного отделения НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова; старший лаборант лаборатории биологических микрочипов</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Вавилова, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Geneticist of the Scientific Advisory Department of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov; Senior Laboratory Assistant at the Laboratory of Biological Microchips</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p><p>32 Vavilova St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zelenovayeye@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимов</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimov</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник, врач-онколог</p><p>123182, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 30, корп. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Senior Researcher, Oncologist</p><p>Bldg. 2, 30 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 123182</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trofimov_48@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0442-5810</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-генетик научно-консультативного отделения НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Geneticist of the Scientific Advisory Department of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valentina-mk2011@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2310-0106</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романцова</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romantsova</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-детский онколог, заведующая детским онкологическим отделением № 2 (химиотерапии опухолей опорнодвигательного аппарата) НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Pediatric Oncologist, Head of the Department No. 2 (Chemotherapy of Tumors of the Musculoskeletal System) of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.roma1986@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-539X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рубанская</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rubanskaya</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая детским онкологическим отделением № 1 (химиотерапии опухолей торакоабдоминальной локализации) НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Pediatric Oncology Department No. 1 (Chemotherapy of Tumors of Thoracoabdominal Localization) of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marishvecova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9705-1001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-генетик поликлинического отделения НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова; старший лаборант лаборатории биологических микрочипов</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Вавилова, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Geneticist of the Polyclinic Department of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p><p>32 Vavilova St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sulpiridum@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5911-553X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белышева</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belysheva</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник поликлинического отделения НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Leading Researcher Polyclinic Department of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klinderma@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3225-1109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Керимов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kerimov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., врач-детский онколог, заместитель главного врача по хирургии, заведующий детским онкологическим отделением хирургических методов лечения НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.) Pediatric Oncologist, Deputy Chief Physician for Surgery, Head of the Pediatric Oncology Department of Surgical Treatment of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polad73@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-1879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сулейманова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suleymanova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник, врач-детский онколог детского онкологического отделения № 1 (химиотерапии опухолей торакоабдоминальной локализации) НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher, Pediatric Oncologist of the Pediatric Oncology Department No. 1 (Chemotherapy of Tumors of Thoracoabdominal Localization) of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aminasuleymanova313@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7846-3473</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сагоян</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sagoyan</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник, врач-детский онколог детского онкологического отделения № 1 (химиотерапии опухолей торакоабдоминальной локализации) НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher, Pediatric Oncologist of Pediatric Oncology Department No. 1 (Chemotherapy of Tumors of Thoracoabdominal Localization) of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sagoyan-garik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2642-4202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наседкина</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasedkina</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории биологических микрочипов</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Вавилова, 32</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher Laboratory of Biological Microchips</p><p>32 Vavilova St., Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tanased06@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3659-7510</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козорезова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozorezova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинической лабораторной диагностики, заведующая цитологической лабораторией</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Head of the Cytological laboratory</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kozorezovaes@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-1783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варфоломеева</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varfolomeeva</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, директор НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова</p><p>115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kozorezovaes@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГБУН «Институт молекулярной биологии имени В.А. Энгельгардта Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр оториноларингологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт молекулярной биологии имени В.А. Энгельгардта Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казубская Т.П., Зеленова Е.Е., Трофимов Е.И., Козлова В.М., Романцова О.М., Рубанская М.В., Семенова В.В., Белышева Т.С., Керимов П.А., Сулейманова А.М., Сагоян Г.Б., Наседкина Т.В., Козорезова Е.С., Варфоломеева С.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казубская Т.П., Зеленова Е.Е., Трофимов Е.И., Козлова В.М., Романцова О.М., Рубанская М.В., Семенова В.В., Белышева Т.С., Керимов П.А., Сулейманова А.М., Сагоян Г.Б., Наседкина Т.В., Козорезова Е.С., Варфоломеева С.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazubskaya T.P., Zelenova E.E., Trofimov E.I., Kozlova V.M., Romantsova O.M., Rubanskaya M.V., Semenova V.V., Belysheva T.S., Kerimov P.A., Suleymanova A.M., Sagoyan G.B., Nasedkina T.V., Kozorezova E.S., Varfolomeeva S.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/1259">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/1259</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Синдром Ли–Фраумени (СЛФ) ассоциирован с патогенными вариантами в гене TP53 и развитием злокачественных опухолей (ЗО) различных локализаций. При этом спектр ЗО отличается широкой вариабельностью даже в пределах одной семьи. Распределение и тип мутаций в гене TP53 также вариабельны, а пенетрантность гена неполная, что обусловливает наличие здоровых носителей патогенных вариантов. Генетическая диагностика СЛФ является крайне важной для раннего выявления неоплазий, а также выбора метода лечения первичной опухоли.</p><p>Цель исследования – поиск клинико-генетических корреляций между патогенными вариантами ТР53 и особенностями связанных с ними возникающих ЗО (тяжестью клинических проявлений) для последующей классификации пациентов на основе индивидуального риска развития ЗО и формирования стратегии динамического наблюдения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 25 детей с подтвержденным СЛФ в период с 2003 по 2025 г. Все пациенты получали лечение в условиях НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии им. акад. РАМН Л.А. Дурнова. Молекулярно-генетическое исследование было выполнено методом секвенирования нового поколения (next-generation sequencing) с использованием кастомной панели онкоассоциированных генов. Анализ перестройки генов проводился с использованием мультиплексной лигазной пробозависимой амплификации (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification). Сегрегационный анализ для 30 родственников из 16 семей осуществляли методом секвенирования по Сэнгеру.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По данным генетического исследования выявлено 13 мутаций в пределах 3–8-го экзонов, а также делеция c.(1195+1_1196-1)_(1302+1_1303-1)del в 10-м экзоне гена TP53. Семейная форма СЛФ установлена в 13 из 16 семей. Пенетрантность составила 75,7 %, возраст манифестации первой ЗО – от 0 до 37 лет. При этом первично-множественные ЗО выявлены у 5 (20 %) детей и 7 (58 %) пациентов старше 18 лет.</p><p>Анализ пациентов с СЛФ детского возраста позволил выделить 2 клинико-генетические группы. В первой группе детей с патогенными вариантами Q165*, R175H, R248W, R273C, R306*, делецией 10-го экзона и мутацией сайта сплайсинга 3-го экзона были диагностированы ЗО мезенхимального происхождения с более ранним дебютом и высоким риском развития вторых опухолей. Все носители указанных вариантов, включая родителей и иных родственников, имели ЗО. Во второй группе детей с мутациями R110C, R196Q, R196P, S215I были выявлены агрессивные опухоли нервной системы с более поздней манифестацией и низким риском развития первично-множественных ЗО. Указанные патогенные варианты были выявлены и у клинически здоровых родителей в возрасте старше 30 лет. Вариант P47R*fs76 встретился в одной семье у детей, которых можно отнести к 2 вышеуказанным клинико-генетическим группам.</p><p>Среди взрослых пациентов из 8 женщин – носителей мутаций в гене TP53 – у 6 был выявлен рак молочной железы, у 4 из них – билатеральное поражение. У 3 пациенток с билатеральным раком молочной железы и вариантами G108_F109 del, R175H и R306* позже были выявлены ЗО других локализаций. У мужчин СЛФ проявлялся развитием сарком после 18 лет (P47R*fs76 и R306*), а также более редкими неоплазиями – рак прямой кишки, лимфома и опухоль мозга (R248W).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Генетическое исследование позволяет не только подтвердить диагноз СЛФ, но и стратифицировать пациентов по группам риска развития определенных ЗО, что может быть использовано для составления плана индивидуального наблюдения. Также для женщин с СЛФ может быть рассмотрена возможность профилактической мастэктомии.</p><p>Неполная пенетрантность и разнообразие клинических проявлений указывают на возможное влияние модифицирующих факторов, что обусловливает необходимость дальнейшего изучения этого феномена и минимизации контакта с канцерогенными факторами для носителей патогенных вариантов в гене ТР53.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is associated with a pathogenic variant in the TP53 gene and the development of malignant tumors (MT) in various locations. Moreover, the spectrum of MT is characterized by wide heterogeneity even within a single family. The distribution, type, and position of mutations in the TP53 gene are also variable, and the gene penetrance is incomplete, leading to the presence of healthy carriers of pathogenic variants. Genetic diagnosis of LFS is crucial for the early detection of neoplasms, as well as for the selection of treatment for the primary tumor.</p><p>The aim of the study was to search for clinical and genetic correlations between pathogenic variants of TP53 and the characteristics of the associated malignant neoplasms (severity of clinical manifestations) for the subsequent classification of patients based on the individual risk of developing MT and the formation of a dynamic observation strategy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 25 children with confirmed LFS between 2003 and 2025. All patients received treatment at the Pediatric Oncology and Hematology named after Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences L.A. Durnov. Molecular genetic testing was performed using the next-generation sequencing method using a panel of onco-associated genes. Gene rearrangement analysis was performed using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Segregation analysis for 30 relatives from 16 families was performed using the Sanger sequencing method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Genetic testing revealed 13 mutations within exons 3–8, as well as the I332Pfs*14 deletion in exon 10 of the TP53 gene. Familial LFS was identified in 13 of 16 families. Penetrance was 75.7 %, with primary multiple tumors identified in 5 (20 %) children and 7 (58 %) patients over 18 years of age. Analysis of pediatric LFS patients allowed us to identify two clinical and genetic groups. The first group of children with highly penetrant pathogenic variants Q165*, R175H, R248W, R273C, R306*, exon 10 deletion, and exon 3 splice site mutation was associated with mesenchymal neoplasms of earlier onset and a high risk of developing second tumors. The second group includes lowpenetrance variants R110C, R196Q, R196P, and S215I, identified in children with aggressive, late-onset, low-risk nervous system tumors. The high-penetrance variant P47R*fs76 was found in one family in children who could be classified into the two aforementioned clinical and genetic groups.</p><p>Among adult patients, six out of eight women carrying mutations in the TP53 gene were diagnosed with breast cancer, four of them had bilateral tumors. Three patients with bilateral breast cancer and variants G108_F109 del, R175H, and R306* were later diagnosed with MT of other localizations. In men, LFS was manifested by the development of sarcomas after 18 years (P47R*fs76 and R306*), as well as rarer neoplasms such as rectal cancer, lymphoma, and brain tumor (R248W).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A genetic study allows not only to confirm the diagnosis of LFS, but also to stratify patients into risk groups for developing certain diseases, which can be used to draw up an individual follow-up plan. Preventive mastectomy may also be considered for women with LFS. Incomplete penetrance and a variety of clinical manifestations indicate the possible influence of modifying factors, which necessitates further investigation of this phenomenon and minimization of contact with carcinogenic factors for carriers of pathogenic variants in the TP53 gene.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром Ли–Фраумени</kwd><kwd>ТР53</kwd><kwd>типы мутаций</kwd><kwd>злокачественные опухоли</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Li–Fraumeni syndrome</kwd><kwd>TP53</kwd><kwd>types of mutations</kwd><kwd>malignant tumors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Andrade K.C., Frone M.N., Wegman-Ostrosky T., Khincha P.P., Kim J., Amadou A., Santiago K.M., Fortes F.P., Lemonnier N., Mirabello L., Stewart D.R., Hainaut P., Kowalski L.P., Savage S.A., Achatz M.I. 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