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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2311-1267-2015-2-3-51-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-126</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ТГСК У ДЕТЕЙ: PRO ET CONTRA</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TOPICAL ISSUES OF HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN CHILDREN: PRO ET CONTRA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Результаты аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток с режимом кондиционирования сниженной интенсивности доз у пациентов с синдромом Гурлер</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The results of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning regimen doses in patients with Hurler syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровкова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovkova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">bonastasya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Станчева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stancheva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разумова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razumova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожокарь</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhokar</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рац</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rats</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федюкова</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Phedyukova</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>Ye. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубаровская</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubarovskaya</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьев</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanasiev</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р.М. Горбачевой ГБОУ ВПО Первый СПбГМУ им. акад. И. П. Павлова Минздрава России; Россия, 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Рентгена, 12</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute of Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, First Pavlov State Medical University of St.Petersburg, Ministry of Health of Russia; 12 Rentgena St., Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Боровкова А.С., Станчева Н.В., Разумова С.В., Паина О.В., Кожокарь П.В., Рац А.А., Козлов А.В., Федюкова Ю.Г., Семенова Е.В., Зубаровская Л.С., Афанасьев Б.В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Боровкова А.С., Станчева Н.В., Разумова С.В., Паина О.В., Кожокарь П.В., Рац А.А., Козлов А.В., Федюкова Ю.Г., Семенова Е.В., Зубаровская Л.С., Афанасьев Б.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Borovkova A.S., Stancheva N.V., Razumova S.V., Paina O.V., Kozhokar P.V., Rats A.A., Kozlov A.V., Phedyukova Y.G., Semenova Y.V., Zubarovskaya L.S., Afanasiev B.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/126">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/126</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Синдром Гурлер является самым тяжелым вариантом течения мукополисахаридоза I типа с вовлечением центральной нервной системы, сердечно-сосудистой, опорно-двигательной систем. Единственным радикальным методом терапии является аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (алло-ТГСК). Для данных пациентов остается нерешенным вопрос с высокой токсичностью трансплантации.</p><p>Цель работы – оценить эффективность и токсичность режимов кондиционирования сниженной интенсивности доз у пациентов с синдромом Гурлер.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 8 пациентов. Медиана наблюдения составила 20 (1–60) мес. Шести пациентам была проведена алло-ТГСК от полностью совместимого по генам HLA-системы неродственного донора, 2 пациентам трансплантация была выполнена от частично HLA- совместимых доноров с различием в гене локуса А. В качестве подготовки к алло-ТГСК использовали режим кондиционирования сниженной интенсивности доз: флударабин – 150 мг/м2, мелфалан – 140 мг/м2 с включениемантитимоцитарного глобулина (АТГАМ) – 60 мг/кг. Для профилактики острой реакции «трансплантат против хозяина» (РТПХ) использовали циклоспорин А в дозе 1,5 мг/кг 2 раза в сутки в комбинации с метотрексатом (10 мг/м2 в Д+1, Д+3, Д+6) или микофенолата мофетилом (15 мг/кг 2 раза в сутки в течение 30 дней). Наиболее часто источником трансплантата были периферические стволовые клетки крови (ПСКК) – 6 (75 %) пациентов, в 2 случаях использовался костный мозг. Ввиду высокого содержания Т-лимфоцитов в трансплантате ПСКК у 3 пациентов дополнительно проводили иммуномагнитную CD3/CD19-деплецию или селекцию CD34+-клеток на приборе СliniMACS с последующим введением в трансплантат CD3/CD19+-клеток в дозе 1,0 × 107/кг веса реципиента при алло-ТГСК от полностью совместимого донора и 1,0 × 106/кг веса реципиента при наличии несовместимости по HLA-системе.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На момент анализа данных живы 6 пациентов (средний срок наблюдения – 20 (1–60) мес). Общая выживаемость пациентов с синдромом Гурлер после алло-ТГСК составила 75 %. У всех пациентов было зафиксировано первичное приживление трансплантата, с полным донорским химеризмом на Д+30. Активность альфа-L-идуронидазы в лейкоцитах достигла нормального уровня в среднем 61,3 нМ/мг/18 ч на Д+30 и далее до Д+100 была на уровне 77,6 нМ/мг/18 ч (норма – 61,0–175,5 нМ/мг/18 ч).В последующем у 2 больных зарегистрировано снижение донорского химеризма (на Д+60 и на Д+180). Ни у одного из пациентов не было отмечено тяжелого мукозита III–IV степени. От причин, связанных с трансплантацией, умерли 2 больных. Среди причин смерти: острая РТПХ IV степени с поражением желудочно-кишечного тракта IV степени, кожи III степени, печени II степени (Д+69 после алло-ТГСК) – 1 больной; TRALI-синдром, развившийся после трансфузии эритроцитарной взвеси, Д+45 после алло-ТГСК – 1 пациент.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведение алло-ТГСК с применением режимов кондиционирования со сниженной интенсивностью доз у детей с синдромом Гурлер является эффективным методом лечения, не вызывающим развития тяжелых токсических осложнений. Для профилактики отторжения трансплантата в случае снижения донорского химеризма возможно использование методов иммуноадоптивной терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Hurler syndrome is the most severe type of mucopolysaccharidosis with central nervous system, cardio-vascular system and musculoskeletal system involvement. A unique method of radical therapy is allogenic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). A question on high toxicity of HSCT is still unsolved for these patients.</p><p>Aim – to estimate effectiveness and toxicity of conditioning regimen with reduce intensity in patients with Hurler syndrome.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Eight patients were enrolled to the investigation. Follow-up median was 20 (1–60) months. 6 patients received allo-HSCT from full HLA-matched unrelated donors, 2 patients received HSCT from partially HLA-matched unrelated donors with mismatch in A locus. The following conditioning regimens with reduce intensity were used as preparative therapy: Fludarabine – 150 mg/m2, Melphalan – 140 mg/m2, Antithymocyte Immunoglobulin (ATGAM) – 60 mg/kg. For graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prevention Cyclosporine A in dose 1.5 mg/kg2 time per day with a combination with Methotrexate (10 mg/m2 in days +1, +3, +6) or Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (15 mg/kg 2 times per day during 30 days) was used. The most common transplant source were peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) – 6 (75 %) patients, in 2 cases bone marrow was used. Due to high level of T-cells in PBSC at 3 patients, the immunomagnetic CD3/CD19-depletion or CD34+-cells depletion with the help CliniMACs device was performed. The following transplantation of CD3/CD19+-cells in dose 1.0 × 107/ kgof recipients weight in case of full-matched unrelated donor or 1.0 × 106/ kg of recipients weight in case of mismatched unrelated donor was performed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Six patients are alive on a moment of analysis (median follow-up 20 (1–60) months). Overall survival of patients with Hurler syndrome after allo-HSCT is 75 %. All patients engrafted with complete donors chimerism on day +30. Alpha-L-iduronidase activity in leukocytes achieved normal level (average 61.3 nM/mg/18 h) on day +30. Activity was normal till day +100 – 77.6 nM/mg/18 h (normal indicator –61.0–175.5 nM/mg/18 h). Mixed donor’s chimerism was revealed on days +60 and +180 at two patients. No incidence of severe mucosytis III–IV gr. revealed. Two patients died due to transplant related causes. Causes of deaths: 1st patient – acute intestinal GvHD IV gr., III gr. skin GvHD, II gr. liver GvHD on day +69 from allo-HSCT, 2nd patient – TRALI-syndrome after packed red cells transfusion on day +45after allo-HSCT.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Allo-HSCT with reduced intensity conditioning regimen for the patients with Hurler syndrome is effective method of treatment without severe toxic complication. Immunoadoptive therapy can be used for rejection prevention in case of mixed donor’s chimerism.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>синдром Гурлер</kwd><kwd>мукополисахаридоз</kwd><kwd>трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd><kwd>исходы терапии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>Hurler syndrome</kwd><kwd>mucopolysaccharidosis</kwd><kwd>hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd><kwd>treatment outcomes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hobbs J.R., Hugh-Jones K., Barrett A.J. et al. Reversal of clinical features of Hurler's disease and biochemical improvement after treatment by bone marrow transplantation. Lancet 1981;2(8249):709–12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hobbs J.R., Hugh-Jones K., Barrett A.J. et al. 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