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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2311-1267-2016-3-4-48-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-262</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ/ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS/LITERATURE REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ингибиторы гистондеацетилазы и ДНК-метилтрансферазы в лечении детей, больных острым миелоидным лейкозом, их эффективность и место в терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Inhibitors of histon deacetylase (HDAC) and DNA methyltransferase in treatment children with acute myeloid leukemia, effectiveness and place</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попа</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popa</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Sh., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">apopa@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Немировченко</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nemirovchenko</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Sh., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Флейшман</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fleyshman</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Sh., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сокова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoe Sh., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Субботина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Subbotina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Sh., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серебрякова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serebryakova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Sh., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гривцова</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grivtsova</surname><given-names>L. J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Sh., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Менткевич</surname><given-names>Г. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mentkevich</surname><given-names>G. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Kashirskoe Sh., Moscow, 115478</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт детской онкологии и гематологии ФГБУ «Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Research Institute of “N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center”, Ministry of Health of Russia;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт канцерогенеза ФГБУ «РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cancerogenesis of “N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center”, Ministry of Health of Russia;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт клинической онкологии ФГБУ «РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Clinical Oncology of “N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center”, Ministry of Health of Russia;</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попа А.В., Немировченко В.С., Флейшман Е.В., Сокова О.И., Субботина Н.Н., Серебрякова И.Н., Гривцова Л.Ю., Менткевич Г.Л., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попа А.В., Немировченко В.С., Флейшман Е.В., Сокова О.И., Субботина Н.Н., Серебрякова И.Н., Гривцова Л.Ю., Менткевич Г.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popa A.V., Nemirovchenko V.S., Fleyshman E.V., Sokova O.I., Subbotina N.N., Serebryakova I.N., Grivtsova L.J., Mentkevich G.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/262">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/262</self-uri><abstract><p>Результаты лечения детей, больных острым миелоидным лейкозом (ОМЛ), до сих пор остаются неудовлетворительными.Стандартная химиотерапия (ХТ) обеспечивает достижение полной ремиссии (ПР) у 91–96 % пациентов, но безрецидивная (БРВ) и бессобытийная (БСВ) выживаемость все еще недостаточно высоки. Есть основания надеяться, что применение эпигенетической терапии наряду с интенсивной ХТ позволит увеличить число ПР и выживаемость больных ОМЛ.Основной целью нового протокола НИИ ДОГ ОМЛ 2012 было исследование эффективности лечения ОМЛ у детей при включении деметилирующего препарата (децитабин) в комплексную схему, в которой ХТ сочетается с ингибитором гистондеацетилазы (HDAC) – вальпроевой кислотой и полностью транс-ретиноевой кислотой (ATRA). С 01.2013 по 09.2016 в исследование были включены 26 пациентов в возрасте 6,5 ± 1,24 года (от 6 месяцев до 16 лет): 15 мальчиков и 11 девочек. Больных со стандартным риском было 2 (7,7 %), средним риском – 7 (26,9 %) и высоким риском – 17 (65,4 %). ХТ состояла из 5 курсов для пациентов, включенных в группы среднего и высокого рисков (AIE, HAM, AI, hAM, HAE), и 4 курсов для больных стандартного риска (AIE, AI, hAM, HAE). Эпигенетическая терапия состояла из вальпроевой кислоты (1–78 нед), ATRA (1–43-й дни и далее 1–14-й дни каждого последующего курса ХТ) и децитабина 20 мг/м2 в режиме «окна» (5 пациентов). Не было отмечено какой-либо токсичности у 5 детей, получивших децитабин в режиме «окна»: у 1 больного развился рецидив заболевания (13 мес), 1 пациент умер от тяжелой инфекции после индукции (17-й день), 3 – живы в полной ремиссии (35, 38 и 43 мес), причем 2 больных подверглись гаплоидентичной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ТГСК). В процессе исследования введение децитабина было сдвинуто на 16-й день. Такое лечение было проведено 21 больному. У всех была достигнута ПР, причем 2 пациента не ответили на терапию AIE, и ремиссия была получена только после децитабина. Трехлетние БРВ и БСВ у этой группы больных были одинаковыми: БРВ – 67,9 ± 12 %, средняя продолжительность наблюдения составила 28,1 ± 3,1 мес; ОВ – 81,6 ± 9,6 %, средняя продолжительность наблюдения – 31,6± 2,6 мес. Ни один больной не получил ТГСК. Таким образом, включение децитабина в комплексную терапию ОМЛ у детей повышает число ПР, БРВ и ОВ. Деметилирующий препарат целесообразно вводить после индуктивного курса терапии в период аплазии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of treatment children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are not satisfied yet. The standard chemotherapy allows achieve complete remission in 92–96 % of patients, but disease free survival (DFS) and event free survival (EFS) are not good yet.In a new study – NII DOG AML 2012 – the specific aim was to explore effectiveness demethylating drug (Decitabine) and inhibitors of histon deacetylase (HDAC) to find the place in standard chemotherapy.From 01.2013 to 09.2016 26 patients were enrolled into NII DOG AML 2012 study. The average was 6.5 ± 1.24 years (6 mo – 16 years): 15 males and 11 females, standard (SR) – 2 (7.7 %), intermediate (IR) – 7 (26.9 %) and high (HR) – 17 (65.4 %) risk groups.Chemotherapy consisted on 5 courses for HR and IR (AIE, HAM, AI, hAM, HAE) and 4 courses for SR (AIE, HAM, hAM, HAE). Epigenetic therapy consisted of Valproic acid (VA) weeks 1–78, All Trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) 1–43 days and from the day one to day 14 of the every course chemotherapy and Decitabine in “window” regime before induction (5 pts) and on day 16 after beginning of induction.Decitabine was given as a demethylating drug 20 mg/m2 for 5 days in “window” regime before induction (AIE). There were no any toxicity and we did not check decrease of blasts in BM and peripheral blood after Decitobine, one of them developed relapse and one died from severe infection, 3 pts are alive, but two of them underwent haploidentical HSCT. Decitobine was moved on the day 16. Now, 21 pts got this therapy, all of them achieved CR after AIE with VA, ATRA and Decitobine, two pts did not respond to induction and achieved CR just after Decitobine. Three years DFS and EFS were the same – 67.9 ± 12 % with median follow up 28.1 ± 3.1 mo, OS – 81.6 ± 9.6 % with median follow up 31.0 ± 2.6 mo. None of the patients underwent HSCT.Thus, epigenetic therapy increases rate of CR, DFS and EFS in children with AML. Demethylating drug has to be used during aplasia and HDAC inhibitors – during the whole chemotherapy program.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый миелоидный лейкоз у детей</kwd><kwd>эпигенетическая терапия</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы гистондеацетилазы</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы метилтрансферазы</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute myeloid leukemia in children</kwd><kwd>epigenetic therapy</kwd><kwd>histon deacetylase inhibitors</kwd><kwd>methyltransferase inhibitors</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Swerdlow S.H., Campo E., Harris N.L. et al. WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Swerdlow S.H., Campo E., Harris N.L. et al. 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