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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2311-1267-2018-5-4-21-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-438</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейробластома с локализацией в области шеи. Собственный опыт НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neuroblastoma with localization in the neck. Own experience Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7439-4431</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевцов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevtsov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денис Валерьевич Шевцов </p><p>врач-детский онколог отделения клинической онкологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist Department of Clinical Oncology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denis.shevtsov86@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-4477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаманская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamanskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., ученый секретарь Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Scientific Secretary of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shamanskaya.tatyana@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-8783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanov</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заведующий отделением клинической онкологии, заместитель директора Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Clinical Oncology, Deputy Director of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Denis.Kachanov@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-3233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грачёв</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grachev</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий отделением онкологии и детской хирургии, заместитель директора Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Oncology and Pediatric Surgery, Deputy Director of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nick-grachev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2945-284X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киргизов</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirgizov</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заместитель директора Института управления и трансляционной медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director of the Institute of Management and Translational Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirgiz-off@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8487-1879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муфтахова</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muftakhova</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-детский онколог отделения клинической онкологии, ученый секретарь Института управления и трансляционной медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Pediatric Oncologist Department of Clinical Oncology, Scientific Secretary, Institute of Management and Translational Medicine </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muftakhova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9375-7517</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рощин</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Roshchin</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-патологоанатом отделения патологической анатомии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pathologist Department of Pathological Anatomy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">patmorf@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7317-7104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терещенко</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshchenko</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая отделением компьютерной томографии и магнитно-резонансной томографии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galina.tereshenko@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2352-7716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольшанская</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olshanskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующая лабораторией цитогенетики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Cytogenetics Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuliaolshanskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6158-2222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ликарь</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Likar</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заведующий отделением радиоизотопной диагностики и позитронно-эмиссионной томографии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Radioisotope Diagnostics and Positron Emission Tomography</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">likar2007@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-1783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варфоломеева</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varfolomeeva</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заместитель генерального директора – директор Института управления и трансляционной медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy General Director – Director of the Institute of Management and Translational Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">clinoncology@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шевцов Д.В., Шаманская Т.В., Качанов Д.Ю., Грачёв Н.С., Киргизов К.И., Муфтахова Г.М., Рощин В.Ю., Терещенко Г.В., Ольшанская Ю.В., Ликарь Ю.Н., Варфоломеева С.Р., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шевцов Д.В., Шаманская Т.В., Качанов Д.Ю., Грачёв Н.С., Киргизов К.И., Муфтахова Г.М., Рощин В.Ю., Терещенко Г.В., Ольшанская Ю.В., Ликарь Ю.Н., Варфоломеева С.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shevtsov D.V., Shamanskaya T.V., Kachanov D.Y., Grachev N.S., Kirgizov K.I., Muftakhova G.M., Roshchin V.Y., Tereshchenko G.V., Olshanskaya Y.V., Likar Y.N., Varfolomeeva S.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/438">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/438</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Нейробластома (НБ) – наиболее часто встречающаяся экстракраниальная солидная опухоль у детей. Как правило, НБ локализуется в надпочечнике, забрюшинном пространстве и заднем средостении. Область головы и шеи относится к редким локализациям НБ, на долю которой приходится 2,6 % случаев, и наиболее часто встречается у детей в возрасте 0–3 лет. Локализация НБ в области шеи в большинстве наблюдений имеет благоприятный прогноз.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. За период с сентября 2013 г. по сентябрь 2017 г. (48 мес) в НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева получали лечение 8 пациентов с НБ в области шеи. Обследование, оценка распространенности процесса и стратификация на группы риска у всех больных проводились согласно рекомендациям протокола немецкой группы по лечению НБ NB-2004. В целях гистологической верификации диагноза и выявления неблагоприятных молекулярно-генетических маркеров пациентам было выполнено хирургическое вмешательство. Всем больным проводилась риск-адаптированная терапия по протоколу NB-2004.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Медиана возраста постановки диагноза составила 8,7 (1,2–34,1) мес. В нашей когорте пациентов в 87,5 % случаев диагноз был установлен на первом году жизни. В большинстве наблюдений имело место не только выявление опухолевых масс, но и другие симптомы заболевания. У 3 (37,5 %) пациентов установлена 2-я стадия, у 1 (12,5 %) больного – 3-я стадия, у 3 (37,5 %) пациентов – 4-я стадия заболевания и у 1 (12,5 %) больного – 4S стадия заболевания. При стратификации пациентов на группы риска в группу наблюдения и группу высокого риска стратифицировано по 3 (37,5 %) ребенка, 2 (25 %) больных – в группу промежуточного риска. У 3 (37,5 %) пациентов выявлены неблагоприятные цитогенетические аномалии. При оценке ответа на проводимую терапию у большинства больных констатирован полный и очень хороший частичный ответ. Общая (ОВ) и бессобытийная (БСВ) выживаемость составили 75 ± 15 % и 50 ± 17 % соответственно. Медиана наблюдения – 43 (26–61) мес.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. НБ с локализацией первичной опухоли в области головы и шеи является благоприятной формой с точки зрения стадии заболевания и группы риска, однако следует отметить, что в нашей когорте пациентов у половины исследуемых отмечено развитие тех или иных неблагоприятных событий, что нашло отражение и в цифрах ОВ и БСВ. Более того, данная локализация диктует свои риски с точки зрения хирургического этапа лечения. Главной опасностью являются осложнения после оперативного лечения, связанные с анатомической близостью центральных артериовенозных стволов, черепных нервов и их вовлеченностью в опухолевый процесс. В случае развития жизнеугрожающих состояний (ЖУС) возможно применение низкоинтенсивных курсов полихимиотерапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Опыт НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева показывает необходимость своевременной диагностики и начала лечения НБ с локализацией в области шеи. Выбор тактики ведения в пользу проведения только хирургического лечения возможен у больных группы наблюдения без развития ЖУС. Далеко не всегда локализация НБ в области шеи коррелирует с благоприятным прогнозом.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование проведено без спонсорской поддержки. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. As a rule, NB is localized in the adrenal gland, retroperitoneal space and posterior mediastinum. The head and neck area belongs to the rare localization of NB, which accounts for 2.6 % of cases, and is most common in children aged 0–3 years. Localization of NB in the neck in most cases has a favorable prognosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. For the period from September 2013 to September 2017 (48 months) in the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology received treatment for 8 patients with NB in the neck. Examination, assessment of the prevalence of the process and stratification into risk groups in all patients were carried out according to the recommendations of the protocol of the German group for the treatment of NB NB-2004. For the purpose of histological verification of the diagnosis and detection of unfavorable molecular genetic markers, patients underwent surgical intervention, performed risk-adapted therapy according to the NB-2004 protocol.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The median age of diagnosis was 8.7 (1.2–34.1) months. In our cohort of patients in 87.5 % of cases, the diagnosis was made in the first year of life. In most cases, there was not only the identification of tumor masses, but also other symptoms of the disease. In 3 (37.5 %) patients the 2nd stage was established, in 1 (12.5 %) patient – the 3rd stage, in 3 (37.5 %) patients – the 4th stage and in 1 (12.5 %) patient – 4S stage of the disease. When stratifying patients into risk groups, in the observation group and the high-risk group was stratified by 3 (37.5 %) children and 2 (25 %) patients were classified as high-risk group. 3 (37.5 %) patients showed unfavorable cytogenetic abnormalities. When evaluating the response to therapy in most patients, a complete and very good partial response was stated. Overall (OS) and event-free (EFS) survival rates were 75 ± 15 % and 50 ± 17 %, respectively. The median of observation is 43 (26–61) months.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. NB with the localization of the primary tumor in the head and neck area is a favorable form in terms of the stage of the disease and the risk group, however, it should be noted that in our patient cohort half of the subjects showed the development of certain adverse events, which was also reflected in the OS and EFS. Moreover, this localization dictates its risks from the point of view of the surgical stage of treatment. The main danger is complications after surgical treatment associated with the anatomical proximity of the central arteriovenous trunks, cranial nerves, and their involvement in the tumor process. In the case of the development of life threatening conditions (LTC), it is possible to use low-intensity chemotherapy courses.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Experience Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology shows the need for timely diagnosis and the start of treatment of NB with localization in the neck. The choice of management tactics in favor of carrying out only surgical treatment is possible in patients of the observation group without the development of LTC. Not always the localization of NB in the neck region correlates with a favorable prognosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study was performed without external funding.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>нейробластома</kwd><kwd>онкология</kwd><kwd>область шеи</kwd><kwd>возраст</kwd><kwd>локализация</kwd><kwd>группа риска</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd><kwd>жизнеугрожающие состояния</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>neuroblastoma</kwd><kwd>oncology</kwd><kwd>neck</kwd><kwd>age</kwd><kwd>localization</kwd><kwd>risk group</kwd><kwd>polychemotherapy</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd><kwd>life threatening conditions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ward E., DeSantis C., Robbins A., Betsy K., Ahmedin J. Childhood and adolescent cancer statistics, 2014. 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