nodgoРоссийский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology2311-12672413-5496LTD “Graphica”10.21682/2311-1267-2019-6-2-54-60nodgo-497Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSALK и нейробластома: от молекулярной генетики до клиникиALK and neuroblastoma: from molecular genetics to clinicshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-218XАндрееваН. А.AndreevaN. A.

Наталья Александровна Андреева 

Врач - детский онколог отделения клинической онкологии 

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

Pediatric Oncologist, Department of Clinical Oncology Dmitry Rogachev 

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997

andreeva793@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-8622ДруйА. Е.DruyA. E.

Кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории цитогенетики и молекулярной генетики

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics 

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997

DrDrui@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-4477ШаманскаяТ. В.ShamanskayaT. V.

Кандидат медицинских наук, ученый секретарь Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Academic Secretary of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine 

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997

shamanskaya.tatyana@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-8783КачановД. Ю.KachanovD. Yu.

Доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделением клинической онкологии, заместитель директора Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины 

SPIN-код: 98785540

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Clinical Oncology and Department of Embryonic Tumor Research & Deputy Director of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine 

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997

Denis.Kachanov@fcchomoscow.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-1783ВарфоломееваС. Р.VarfolomeevaS. R.

Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель генерального директора – директор Института управления и трансляционной медицины НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева, исполнительный директор РОО НОДГО

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy General Director – Director of the Institute of Management and Translational Medicine at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Executive Director of Regional Public Organization National Society of Pediatric Hematologists and Oncologists

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997

clinoncology@gmail.comФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава РоссииРоссияDmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation201923042019625460Copyright © Андреева Н.А., Друй А.Е., Шаманская Т.В., Качанов Д.Ю., Варфоломеева С.Р., 20192019Андреева Н.А., Друй А.Е., Шаманская Т.В., Качанов Д.Ю., Варфоломеева С.Р.Andreeva N.A., Druy A.E., Shamanskaya T.V., Kachanov D.Y., Varfolomeeva S.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/497

Нейробластома (НБ) – самая частая экстракраниальная эмбриональная опухоль у детей с разнообразными молекулярнобиологическими и клиническими характеристиками. Единого молекулярногенетического механизма, участвующего в патогенезе НБ нет, что и обусловливает ее гетерогенность. Патогенетически важным событием в развитии НБ являются аберрации гена ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase), которые обнаруживаются у 70 % больных с семейной формой НБ и у 7– 10 % пациентов со спорадическими случаями. Онкоген ALK кодирует одноименный рецептор, экспрессирующийся на мембране клеток центральной и периферической нервной системы, который находится в активированном состоянии при НБ. Описано негативное влияние аномалий гена ALK на прогноз при НБ у пациентов разных групп риска. Аберрации гена ALK чаще выявляются при рецидиве и рефрактерном течении болезни. Ввиду своей тканеспецифичности белок ALK является идеальной мишенью для таргетной терапии. В данной статье представлен литературный обзор роли ALK при НБ.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial embryonic tumor in children with a variety of molecular biological and clinical characteristics. There is no single molecular genetic mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of NB, which determines its heterogeneity. Pathogenetically important event in the development of NB are aberrations of ALK gene (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase), which are found in 70 % of patients with familial form of NB and in 7– 10 % of patients with sporadic cases. ALK oncogene encodes a receptor of the same name, expressed on the membrane of cells of the central and peripheral nervous system, which is in the activated state in NB. The negative effect of ALK gene anomalies on the prognosis in patients with different risk groups of NB is described. ALK gene aberrations are more often detected duringrelapse and refractory course of the disease. Because of its tissue specificity, ALK protein is an ideal target for targeted therapy. This article presents a literature review of the role of ALK in NB.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.