nodgoРоссийский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology2311-12672413-5496LTD “Graphica”10.21682/2311-1267-2019-6-4-76-82nodgo-557Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSКонцепт «эмоциональный дистресс» как возможный показатель нарушений адаптации у детей/подростков с онкологическими и онкогематологическими заболеваниями и ухаживающих за ними взрослыхThe concept of “emotional distress” as a possible indicator of maladaptation in children/adolescents with oncological and oncohematological diseases and their caregivershttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1517-2978РябоваТ. В.RyabovaT. V.

Татьяна Владимировна Рябова - кандидат психологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения клинической психологии НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева, доцент Института психологии им. Л.С. Выготского РГГУ.

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1; 125993, ГСП-3, Москва, Миусская пл., 6

Cand. of Sci. (Psych.), Senior Researcher of Clinical Psychology Department Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology; Associate Professor of Vygotsky IP RSUH.

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997

riabova07@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9640-264XНикольскаяН. С.NikolskayaN. S.

Кандидат психологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения клинической психологии.

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

Cand. of Sci. (Psych.), Senior Researcher of Clinical Psychology Department.

nsnikolskaya@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3495-7666СтефаненкоЕ. А.StefanenkoE. A.

Кандидат психологических наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения клинической психологии НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева.

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

Cand. of Sci. (Psych.), Senior Researcher of Clinical Psychology Departmen.

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997

matja@yandex.uahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2975-0406КлипининаН. В.KlipininaN. V.

Медицинский психолог, научный сотрудник отделения клинической психологии НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева.

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

Medical Psychologist, Researcher of Clinical Psychology Department.

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997

nklip@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3517-6412ШутковаЕ. С.ShutkovaE. S.

Медицинский психолог, научный сотрудник отделения клинической психологии НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева.

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

Medical Psychologist, Researcher of Clinical Psychology Department.

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997

eshutkova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-1564ХаинА. Е.KhainА. E.

Кандидат психологических наук, зав. отделением клинической психологии НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева.

117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1

Cand. of Sci. (Psych.), Head of Clinical Psychology Department.

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997

khain.alina@gmail.comФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный гуманитарный университет» Министерства науки и высшего образования РоссииРоссияDmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Russian State University for the Humanities, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of RussiaRussian FederationФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава РоссииРоссияDmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation201922012020647682Copyright © Рябова Т.В., Никольская Н.С., Стефаненко Е.А., Клипинина Н.В., Шуткова Е.С., Хаин А.Е., 20202020Рябова Т.В., Никольская Н.С., Стефаненко Е.А., Клипинина Н.В., Шуткова Е.С., Хаин А.Е.Ryabova T.V., Nikolskaya N.S., Stefanenko E.A., Klipinina N.V., Shutkova E.S., Khain А.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/557

В отвечающей современным стандартам практике оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с онкологическими заболеваниями, основанной на биопсихосоциальном подходе, внимание уделяется психосоциальному функционированию как пациента, так и членов его семьи. Разработка эффективных моделей психосоциального сопровождения больных в процессе лечения и реабилитации предполагает научное обоснование критериев адаптации/дезадаптации, а также методов выявления и мониторинга семей, нуждающихся в различных видах психологической поддержки. Международные организации в своих руководствах по сопровождению пациентов с онкологическими заболеваниями для интегративной оценки психологического состояния предлагают применять регулярный скрининг эмоционального дистресса, определив дистресс как «шестой жизненный показатель» в дополнение к температуре тела, дыханию, артериальному давлению, пульсу и боли. В статье обобщены основные сведения о концепте «эмоциональный дистресс», проанализированы возможности и ограничения его использования в качестве критерия оценки дезадпатации в процессе лечения, показана целесообразность внедрения этого концепта и соответствующего измерительного метода в российскую практику психологического сопровождения педиатрических пациентов и их семей на разных этапах лечения. Обосновываются возможности использования данного критерия для быстрого и достоверного выявления необходимости оказания дополнительной (психологической/психиатрической) помощи по отношению к лечению основного заболевания ребенка; для отслеживания динамики эмоционального состояния пациентов и их родителей на каждом этапе лечения.

According to biopsychosocial approach in modern standards of medical care for oncological patients one of the integral component is attention to the psycho-social functioning of both the patient and his family members. The issues of confirmation of adaptation/maladaptation criteria is particularly important for developing effective models of psycho-social support of treatment and rehabilitation, methods of identification and monitoring of families in need for various types of psychological support. International organizations recommend in their manuals the use of regular screening of emotional distress as an integrative assessment of the patient psychological conditions. They define distress as a “sixth life indicator” in addition to body temperature, breathing, blood pressure, pulse and pain. The article summarizes the basic information about the concept of “emotional distress”, analyzes the possibilities and limitations of its use as a criterion for assessing maladaptation in the treatment process. The feasibility of implementing this concept and the corresponding measurement method in the Russian practice of psychological support of pediatric patients and theirfamilies at different stages of treatment is shown. The article substantiates the possibility of using this criterion for rapid and reliable identification of the need for additional (psychological/psychiatric) care in relation to the treatment of the underlying disease of the child; to monitor the dynamics of the emotional state of patients and their parents at each stage of treatment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.