References

nodgo

Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)

Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology

2311-12672413-5496

LTD “Graphica”

10.21682/2311-1267-2021-8-1-64-84

nodgo-692

Research Article

ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Мезенхимальные мультипотентные стромальные клетки и онкобезопасность: две стороны одной медали или обоюдоострый меч (обзор зарубежной литературы)

Mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells and cancer safety: two sides of the same coin or a double-edged sword (review of foreign literature)

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8073-5944

Иволгин

Д. А.

Ivolgin

D. A.

к.м.н., и. о. заведующего научно-сследовательской лабораторией клеточных технологий,

191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, 41

Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Acting Head of the Scientific Research Laboratory of Cell Technologies,

41 Kirochnaya St., St. Petersburg, 191015

ida59m@mail.ru

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-4467

Кудлай

Д. А.

Kudlay

D. A.

д.м.н., вице-президент по внедрению новых медицинских технологий, 123112, Россия, Москва, ул. Тестовская, 10;

профессор кафедры фармакологии, 119991, Россия, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2;

ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории персонализированной медицины и молекулярной иммунологии № 71, 115522, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24

Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Vice-President for the Introduction of New Medical Technologies, 10 Testovskaya St., Moscow, 123112;

Professor of the Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, 8–2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991;

Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Personalized Medicine and Molecular Immunology № 71, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115522

D624254@gmail.com

ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияI.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian Federation

АО «ГЕНЕРИУМ»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); ФГБУ «Государственный научный центр “Институт иммунологии” Федерального медико-биологического агентства»РоссияJSC “GENERIUM”; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University); National Research Center – Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of RussiaRussian Federation

2021

07042021

816484

2021

Иволгин Д.А., Кудлай Д.А.

Ivolgin D.A., Kudlay D.A.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/692

Знания о механизмах действия мезенхимальных мультипотентных стромальных клеток (МСК) с момента их открытия претерпели значительную эволюцию. С первых попыток использовать замечательные свойства МСК в восстановлении функций органов и тканей встал важнейший вопрос – насколько безопасным будет их применение? Одним из аспектов безопасности применения такого биоматериала являются туморогенность и онкогенность. Как показали многочисленные исследования, те механизмы, при помощи которых МСК реализуют свой регенеративный потенциал, могут, в принципе, оказывать стимулирующее действие и на клетки опухоли. В данном обзоре представлены частные механизмы, оказывающие потенциально проопухолевое действие, к которым можно отнести хоуминг МСК в место опухоли, поддержка репликативного и пролиферативного сигналлинга как раковых клеток, так и стволовых раковых клеток, ангиогенез, воздействие на эпителиально-мезенхимальный переход. Наряду с проопухолевыми описаны и механизмы возможного противоопухолевого действия – прямое подавление роста опухоли, нагрузка и транспортирование химиотерапевтических агентов, онколитических вирусов, генетические модификации для таргетирования рака, доставка в опухоль «генов самоубийства». Также приведен небольшой обзор проводящихся в настоящее время клинических испытаний МСК в качестве противоопухолевых средств при злокачественных новообразованиях различной локализации (желудочно-кишечный тракт, легкие, яичники).

Knowledge about the mechanisms of action of mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells (MSC) has undergone a significant evolution since their discovery. From the first attempts to use the remarkable properties of MSC in restoring the functions of organs and tissues, the most important question arose – how safe their use would be? One of the aspects of safety of the use of such biomaterial is tumorogenicity and oncogenicity. Numerous studies have shown that the mechanisms by which MSC realize their regenerative potential can, in principle, have a stimulating effect on tumor cells. This review presents specific mechanisms that have a potentially pro-tumor effect, which include the homing of MSC to the tumor site, support for replicative and proliferative signaling of both cancer cells and cancer stem cells, angiogenesis, and effects on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Along with pro-tumor mechanisms, the mechanisms of possible antitumor action are also described – direct suppression of tumor growth, loading and transportation of chemotherapeutic agents, oncolytic viruses, genetic modifications for targeting cancer, delivery of “suicide genes” to the tumor. Also, in conclusion, a small review of the current clinical trials of MSC as antitumor agents for malignant neoplasms of various localization (gastrointestinal tract, lungs, ovaries) is given.

мезенхимальные мультипотентные стромальные клеткипролиферативный сигналэпителиально-мезенхимальный переход

mesenchymal multipotent stromal cellsproliferative signalepithelial-mesenchymal transition

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.