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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2021-8-2-50-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-732</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Расширенные хирургические вмешательства у детей с ретинобластомой при инвазии зрительного нерва</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extended surgical interventions in children with retinoblastoma invasion into the optic nerve</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3263-6655</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушакова</surname><given-names>Т. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushakova</surname><given-names>T. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ушакова Татьяна Леонидовна - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения хирургического № 1 НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина, профессор кафедры детской онкологии им. акад. Л.А. Дурнова РМАНПО.</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23; 125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1.</p><p>SPIN-код: 2065-8779</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher Surgical Department No. 1 of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology at N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Professor at the Department of Pediatric Oncology named after Academician L.A. Durnov at Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115478; Bld. 1, 2/1 Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993.</p><p>SPIN-code: 2065-8779</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ushtat07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7844-9858</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тузова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tuzova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студентка лечебного факультета РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student of the General Medicine Faculty at N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tuzovaelizaveta97@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1814-6772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шутова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shutova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студентка лечебного факультета РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student of the General Medicine Faculty at N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexshutova12@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5402-062X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горовцова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorovtsova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-офтальмолог отделения хирургического № 1 НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина.</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23.</p><p>SPIN-код: 1606-1039</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ophthalmologist Surgical Department No. 1 of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology at N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115478.</p><p>SPIN-code: 1606-1039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o25091977@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0194-7645</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаспарян</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasparyan</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург нейрохирургического (онкологического) отделения НИИ клинической онкологии НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина, научный сотрудник нейрохирургического отделения ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии» Минобрнауки России.</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23; 125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80.</p><p>SPIN-код: 5198-5167</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Neurosurgeon Neurosurgical (Oncological) Department of Research Institute of Clinical Oncology at N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Researcher of the Neurosurgical Department at Scientific Center of Neurology of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russia.</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115478; 80 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow, 125367.</p><p>SPIN-code: 5198-5167</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drkoko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекяшев</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekyashev</surname><given-names>A. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, врач-нейрохирург, заведующий нейрохирургическим (онкологическим) отделением НИИ клинической онкологии НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина.</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Neurosurgical (Oncological) Department of Research Institute of Clinical Oncology at N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115478.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abekyashev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-0874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий отделением хирургическим № 1, советник директора НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина, заведующий кафедрой детской онкологии им. акад. Л.А. Дурнова РМАНПО, профессор кафедры оториноларингологии педиатрического факультета РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23; 125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1.</p><p>SPIN-код: 8606-3120</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Academician of RAS, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Surgery Department No. 1, Advisor to the Director of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology of N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Head of the Pediatric Oncology Department named after Academician L.A. Durnov at Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ministry of Health of Russia, Professor of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Faculty of Pediatrics at N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia.</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115478; Bld. 1, 2/1 Barrikadnaya St., Moscow, 125993; 1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997.</p><p>SPIN-code: 8606-3120</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vgp-04@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России; Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России; Научный центр неврологии Минобрнауки России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Scientific Center of Neurology of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ушакова Т.Л., Тузова Е.А., Шутова А.Д., Горовцова О.В., Гаспарян Т.Г., Бекяшев А.Х., Поляков В.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ушакова Т.Л., Тузова Е.А., Шутова А.Д., Горовцова О.В., Гаспарян Т.Г., Бекяшев А.Х., Поляков В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ushakova T.L., Tuzova E.A., Shutova A.D., Gorovtsova O.V., Gasparyan T.G., Bekyashev A.K., Polyakov V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/732">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/732</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Стандартная энуклеация глаза (ЭГ) не всегда может гарантировать достаточную длину резекции зрительного нерва (ЗН), чтобы опухолевые клетки не распространялись по ЗН до линии пересечения. Операционный доступ и объем хирургического вмешательства определяются распространением и локализацией опухоли, а также квалификацией операционной бригады.</p><p>Цель исследования — оценить роль расширенных хирургических вмешательств при распространении экстраокулярной опухоли на ЗН.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 9 пациентов с ретинобластомой (РБ) и макроинвазией ЗН при первичной визуализации на магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) и/или микроморфологической инвазией линии резекции ЗН после ЭГ. Четыре из 9 пациентов получали лечение с использованием первичной/вторичной ЭГ, индукционной химиотерапии (ХТ) и высокодозной ХТ (ВДХТ), дистанционной лучевой терапии (ДЛТ). Пяти из 9 больных выполнены вторичные расширенные хирургические вмешательства: экзентерация орбиты (n = 1); костно-пластическая латеральная орбитотомия с преканальной резекцией ЗН (n = 2), в 1 случае в сочетании с ЭГ; субфронтальная краниотомия (n = 1) и орбитозигоматическая краниотомия (n = 1) с прехиазмальной резекцией ЗН и ЭГ с адъювантной ДЛТ (исключая последний случай) и ХТ, без ВДХТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Следует отметить, что общая выживаемость (ОВ) 5 пациентов с полной микроскопической резекцией (R0) после расширенных вторичных операций составила 75 ± 0,217 % со средним сроком наблюдения 77,25 ± 18,8 мес, тогда как у 4 больных с R1 (n = 4) без вторичных расширенных операций с ВДХТ ОВ достигла лишь 50 ± 0,25 % со средним сроком наблюдения 57 ± 24,8 мес.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. МРТ обязательна для первичной диагностики РБ, особенно когда есть риск распространения опухоли по ЗН. Вторичная операция с R0-резекцией положительно влияет на выживаемость. Необходимость адъювантной ДЛТ и ХТ после операции должна обязательно обсуждаться.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Standard eye enucleation (EE) may not always guarantee a sufficient length of resection of the optic nerve (ON) so that the tumor cells do not spread along the optic nerve at the intersection line. Surgical access and the scope of surgical intervention are determined by the spread and localization of the tumor, as well as the qualification of the operating team.</p><p>Purpose — to evaluate the role of extended surgical interventions in the spread of extraocular tumors on the ON.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 9 patients with retinoblastoma (RB) and macroinvasion of the ON during primary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or micromorphological invasion of the ON resection line after EE. 4 of the 9 patients were treated with primary/secondary EE, induction chemotherapy (CT) and high-dose CT (HDCT), radiation therapy (RT). 5 out of 9 patients underwent secondary extended surgical interventions: exenteration of the orbit (n = 1), osteoplastic lateral orbitotomy with precanal resection of the ON (n = 2) in combination with EE in one case, subfrontal craniotomy (n = 1) and orbitozygomatic craniotomy (n = 1) with prechiasmal resection of the ON and EE with adjuvant RT (excluding the latter case) and CT, without HDCT.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It should be noted that the overall survival (OS) of 5 patients with complete microscopic resection (R0) after extended secondary operations was 75 ± 0.217 % with an average follow-up period of 77.25 ± 18.8 months, while in 4 patients with R1 (n = 4) without secondary extended operations with HDCT reached only 50 ± 0.25 % with an average follow-up period of 57 ± 24.8 months.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. MRI is mandatory for the primary diagnosis of RB, especially when there is a risk of the tumor spreading through the ON. Secondary surgery with R0-resection has a positive effect on survival. The need for adjuvant RT and CT after surgery should be discussed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>ретинобластома</kwd><kwd>экстраокулярная форма ретинобластомы с инвазией зрительного нерва</kwd><kwd>высокодозная химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>расширенные операции с нейроофтальмологическим доступом</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>retinoblastoma</kwd><kwd>extraocular retinoblastoma with optic nerve invasion</kwd><kwd>high-dose chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>extended operations with neuro-ophthalmic access</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schlueter S., Metz K., Bornfeld N., Goricke S., Schlamann M., Sirin S., Biewald E. Intraokulare Raumforderungen im Kindesalter ohne Retinoblastom [Intraocular Tumors other than Retinoblastoma in Children]. 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