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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2021-8-4-47-59</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-772</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль GD2 как диагностического и прогностического опухолевого маркера при нейробластоме (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of GD2 as a diagnostic and prognostic tumor marker in neuroblastoma (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9927-8445</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Н.С. Иванов: врач-педиатр, врач-ординатор</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N.S. Ivanov: Pediatrician, Resident</p><p>117198, Moscow, Samory Mashela St., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">greatinsmd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3704-8783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Качанов</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kachanov</surname><given-names>D. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.Ю. Качанов: д.м.н., заместитель директора Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины и заведующий отделением клинической онкологииSPIN-код: 9878-5540</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.Yu. Kachanov: Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine &amp; Head of the Department of Clinical OncologySPIN-code: 9878-5540</p><p>117198, Moscow, Samory Mashela St., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">clinoncology@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2128-0078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларин</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larin</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>С.С. Ларин: к.б.н., заместитель директора Института молекулярной и экспериментальной медициныWeb of Science ResearcherID: J-6601-2013SPIN-код: 4344-7169</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>S.S. Larin: Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Deputy Director of the Institute of Molecular and Experimental MedicineWeb of Science ResearcherID: J-6601-2013SPIN-code: 4344-7169</p><p>117198, Moscow, Samory Mashela St., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergei_larin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-6393</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моллаев</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mollaev</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>М.Д. Моллаев: научный сотрудникWeb of Science ResearcherID: AAY-6788-2021</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D. Mollaev: Research AssociateWeb of Science ResearcherID: AAY-6788-2021</p><p>117198, Moscow, Samory Mashela St., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">murad.mollaev@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7732-8184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Д.М. Коновалов: к.м.н., заведующий отделом клинической патологии</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.M. Konovalov: Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Clinical Pathology</p><p>117198, Moscow, Samory Mashela St., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmk_nadf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3767-4477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаманская</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamanskaya</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Т.В. Шаманская: к.м.н., врач-детский онколог, руководитель отдела изучения эмбриональных опухолей Института онкологии, радиологии и ядерной медицины</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Т.V. Shamanskaya: Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Physician, Children Oncologist, Head of the Department of Embryonic Tumors Research of the Institute of Oncology, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine</p><p>117198, Moscow, Samory Mashela St., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">clinoncology@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванов И.С., Качанов Д.Ю., Ларин С.С., Моллаев М.Д., Коновалов Д.М., Шаманская Т.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванов И.С., Качанов Д.Ю., Ларин С.С., Моллаев М.Д., Коновалов Д.М., Шаманская Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanov N.S., Kachanov D.Y., Larin S.S., Mollaev M.D., Konovalov D.M., Shamanskaya T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/772">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/772</self-uri><abstract><p>Нейробластома (НБ) – редкая злокачественная опухоль, которая характеризуется крайне вариабельным биологическим поведением, включающим спонтанную и индуцированную регрессию, созревание и прогрессию. Для оценки прогноза и ответа на терапию при НБ используется определение ряда онкологических маркеров, таких как нейрон-специфическая енолаза, лактатдегидрогеназа, ферритин. Тем не менее разработанные до настоящего момента модели оценки прогноза не позволяют полностью предсказать специфику течения заболевания. В связи с этим создание методов мониторинга статуса опухоли в режиме реального времени, основанное на анализе циркулирующих опухолевых биомаркеров, представляется чрезвычайно актуальным. Характерной особенностью НБ является экспрессия на поверхности опухолевых клеток различных ганглиозидов. В частности, до 30 % всех ганглиозидов достигает содержание дисиалоганглиозида GD2. При этом уровень экспрессии GD2 зависит от дифференцировки нейрогенных опухолей: наибольшие концентрации определяются на клетках НБ, наименьшие – на ганглионейробластоме и ганглионейроме. Феномен «шеддинга», так называемого смывания, GD2 с мембраны клеток НБ позволяет оценивать его концентрации в периферическом кровотоке. В статье рассмотрен эволюционный путь методологии детекции GD2 в сыворотке крови с акцентом на недавно пришедшую в медицинскую отрасль методику жидкостной хроматографии/ тандемной масс-спектрометрии, применение которой может стать отправной точкой в становлении GD2 как растворимого биомаркера опухолевого процесса, безусловно, являющегося мощным приложением в клинической практике, дающим надежду на улучшение диагностики, прогноза и стратегии риск-адаптированной терапии, основанных на четко определенных, измеримых детерминантах в соответствии с концепцией доказательной медицины.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neuroblastoma (NB) is a rare malignant tumor characterized by highly variable biological behavior, including spontaneous and induced regression, maturation, and progression. To assess the prognosis and response to therapy in NB, the determination of a number of oncological markers is used, such as neuron-specific enolase, lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin. Nevertheless, the models for assessing the prognosis developed so far do not fully predict the specificity of the course of the disease. In this regard, the creation of methods for monitoring tumor status in real time, based on the analysis of circulating tumor biomarkers, seems to be extremely urgent. A characteristic feature of NB is the expression of various gangliosides on the surface of tumor cells. In particular, the content of disialoganglioside GD2 reaches up to 30 % of all gangliosides. At the same time, the level of GD2 expression depends on the differentiation of neurogenic tumors: the highest concentrations are determined on NB cells, the lowest – on ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma. The phenomenon of “shedding”, the so-called flushing, of GD2 from the NB cell membrane made it possible to estimate its concentration in the peripheral bloodstream. The article discusses the evolutionary path of the methodology for detecting GD2 in blood serum, with an emphasis on the recently introduced liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectrometry technique, which can be used as a starting point for the emergence of GD2 as a soluble biomarker of the tumor process, which is undoubtedly a powerful application in the clinical practice that offers hope for improved diagnosis, prognosis and riskadapted therapy strategies based on well-defined, measurable determinants in accordance with the concept of evidence-based medicine.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейробластома</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>GD2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuroblastoma</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>GD2</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spix C., Pastore G., Sankila R., Stiller C.A., Steliarova-Foucher E. 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