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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2022-9-2-39-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-828</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние молекулярно-генетических факторов на прогноз локализованного и местно-распространенного адренокортикального рака у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of molecular genetic factors on the prognosis of localized and locally advanced adrenocortical cancer in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тёмный</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Temnyy</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Сергеевич Тёмный, врач-детский онколог детского онкологического отделения хирургических методов лечения с проведением химиотерапии № 2 (опухолей торакоабдоминальной локализации)</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist of Pediatric Oncology Department of Surgical Methods of Treatment with Chemotherapy No. 2 (Tumors of Thoracoabdominal Localization) of Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krooyk93@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7309-1650</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казанцев</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazantsev</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заведующий детским онкологическим отделением хирургических методов лечения с проведением химиотерапии № 2 (опухолей торакоабдоминальной локализации</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the of Pediatric Oncology Department of Surgical Methods of Treatment with Chemotherapy No. 2 (Tumors of Thoracoabdominal Localization) of Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology</p><p>23 Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oncoanat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тёмный А.С., Казанцев А.П., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тёмный А.С., Казанцев А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Temnyy A.S., Kazantsev A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/828">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/828</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Адренокортикальный рак (АКР) у детей – редкая высокозлокачественная опухоль, исходящая из коркового слоя надпочечника, заболеваемость которой составляет 0,2 случая на 1 млн детей в год, а ее доля от всех злокачественных новообразований у детей и подростков – около 0,2 %. Молекулярно-генетические исследования показали влияние мутаций в генесупрессоре TP53 и гене инсулиноподобного фактора роста-2 (IGF-2) на течение и потенциально на прогноз локализованных форм АКР.Цель исследования – выявить молекулярно-генетические факторы неблагоприятного прогноза у детей с локализованным и местно-распространенным АКР и их взаимосвязь с другими биологическими и клиническими факторами.Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 18 образцов пациентов с АКР I–III стадий, получивших лечение с 2003 по 2021 г. Проанализированы образцы от 6 (33 %) больных с I стадией, 5 (28 %) пациентов со II стадией и 7 (39 %) – с III стадией АКР. Средний возраст больных – 61,6 (12–216) месяца. Выделены 4 подгруппы пациентов: с изолированной мутацией в гене TP-53, с изолированной мутацией в гене IGF-2, с одновременными мутациями в генах TP-53 и IGF-2 и отсутствием мутаций в изучаемых генах.Результаты. В 12 (67 %) из 18 исследуемых образцов были выявлены мутации в генах ТР-53 и IGF-2 и их комбинация. Мутация в гене TP-53 присутствовала у 8 пациентов, в гене IGF-2 – у 8 и комбинация TP-53 + IGF-2 – у 4 больных. Пятилетняя общая (ОВ) и безрецидивная (БРВ) выживаемость в группах пациентов с наличием мутаций в TP-53 и/или IGF-2 составили 45,5 % и 41,6 % соответственно против 83,3 % и 83,3 % соответственно в группе без мутаций (р = 0,15 и р = 0,18 соответственно). Пятилетняя ОВ и БРВ в группе TP-53 по сравнению с группой без мутации составила 50 % и 50 % соответственно против 62,2 % и 66,7 % соответственно (р = 0,6 и р = 0,5 соответственно). Пятилетняя ОВ и БРВ в группе IGF-2 по сравнению с группой без мутации составили 14,3 % и 0 % соответственно против 90 % и 90 % соответственно (р = 0,001 и р = 0,0009 соответственно). Пятилетняя ОВ и БРВ в группе, в которой присутствовала комбинация мутаций в генах TP-53 + IGF-2 по сравнению с пациентами без комбинации данных мутаций составили 0 % против 75,2 % и 76,9 % соответственно (р = 0,002 и р = 0,003 соответственно).Выводы. Наличие мутированного гена IGF-2 сочетается с высоким индексом Ki-67 и является фактором плохого прогноза у детей с локализованными формами АКР. Одновременное наличие в опухоли мутаций в генах TP-53 и IGF-2 также достоверно негативно сказывается на показателях выживаемости. Для подтверждения данных и выработки тактики в отношении этой группы пациентов необходимы дальнейшие проспективные исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Materials and methods. The study included 18 samples of patients with ACC stages I–III who received treatment from 2003 to 2021. Samples from 6 (33 %) patients with stage I, 5 (28 %) patients with stage II, and 7 (39 %) patients with stage III ACC were analyzed. The average age of patients is 61.6 (12–216) months. Four subgroups of patients were identified: with an isolated mutation in the TP-53 gene, with an isolated mutation in the IGF-2 gene, with simultaneous mutations in the TP-53 and IGF-2 genes and no mutations in the studied genes.Results. In 12 out of 18 (67 %) of the studied samples, mutations in the TP-53 and IGF-2 genes and their combination were detected. A mutation in the TP-53 gene was present in 8 patients, in the IGF-2 gene in 8 patients, and a combination of TP-53 + IGF-2 in 4 patients. The five-year OS and DFS in the groups of patients with mutations in TP-53 and/or IGF-2 were 45.5 % and 41.6 % versus 83.3 % and 83.3 % in the group without mutations (p = 0.15 and p = 0.18, respectively). The five-year overall (OS) and disease-free (DFS) survival in the TP-53 group compared with the group without the mutation was 50 % and 50 % versus 62.2 % and 66.7 % (p = 0.6 and p = 0.5, respectively). The five-year OS and DFS in the IGF-2 group compared with the group without mutation was 14.3 % and 0 % versus 90 % and 90 % (p = 0.001 and p = 0.0009, respectively). The five-year OS and DFS in the group in which the combination of mutations in the TP-53 + IGF-2 genes was present compared with patients without the combination of these mutations was 0 % vs. 75.2 % and 76.9 % (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively).Conclusion. The presence of a mutated IGF-2 gene is combined with a high Ki-67 index and is a factor in poor prognosis in children with localized forms of ACC. The simultaneous presence of mutations in the TP-53 and IGF-2 genes in the tumor also significantly negatively affects survival rates. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the data and develop tactics for this group of patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>адренокортикальный рак</kwd><kwd>ген TP53</kwd><kwd>ген IGF-2</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adrenocortical cancer</kwd><kwd>TP53 gene</kwd><kwd>IGF-2 gene</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>survival</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abe I., Lam A.K. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Updates on WHO classifi cation, clinicopathological features and staging. Histol. Histopathol. 2021;36(3):239–48. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-277.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abe I., Lam A.K. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: Updates on WHO classifi cation, clinicopathological features and staging. Histol. 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