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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2022-9-2-46-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-829</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тошнота и рвота на фоне высокоэметогенной химиотерапии у детей и подростков. Скрытая проблема</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children and adolescents receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Hidden problem</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9450-125X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рабаева</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rabaeva</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лилия Леонидовна Рабаева, врач-детский онколог отделения гематологии/онкологии старшего возраста и нейроонкологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist Department of Adolescent Hematology/Oncology and Neuro-oncology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lilia.leonidovna.kazakova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-5068</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, руководитель отдела междисциплинарной онкологии; доцент кафедры онкологии, гематологии и лучевой терапии</p><p>ResearcherID: I-3833-2018</p><p>SPIN-код: 8151-9305</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology; Assistant Professor of the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Radiotherapy</p><p>ResearcherID: I-3833-2018</p><p>SPIN-code: 8151-9305</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhukov.nikolay@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рабаева Л.Л., Жуков Н.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рабаева Л.Л., Жуков Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rabaeva L.L., Zhukov N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/829">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/829</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Несмотря на значимые успехи в области профилактики, тошнота и рвота (ТИР), вызываемые цитостатической терапией, продолжают представлять существенную клиническую проблему для пациентов онкогематологического профиля, при этом зачастую оставаясь за пределами зоны внимания детских онкологов и гематологов.Цель исследования – проведение сравнения частоты встречаемости ТИР согласно данным, полученным из первичной медицинской документации (ретроспективная группа), и данным, полученным в процессе оценки ТИР с использованием модифицированного опросника и специализированных шкал (проспективная группа).Материалы и методы. В ретроспективную группу вошли 52 пациента, получивших 178 циклов высокоэметогенной противоопухолевой терапии со стандартной антиэметической профилактикой с 01.02.2020 по 01.08.2020, в проспективную – 88 больных, получивших 456 циклов аналогичной противоопухолевой терапии со стандартной профилактикой ТИР с 01.10.2020 по 01.07.2021.Результаты. Несмотря на то, что группы были сопоставимы по основным характеристикам пациентов, режимам химиотерапии и режиму профилактики ТИР, частота полного контроля ТИР между ними значимо отличалась: при анализе первичной документации выяснилось, что полный контроль ТИР в остром, отсроченном и общем периодах наблюдается в 82 %, 86 %, 82 % циклов соответственно, в то время как при оценке ТИР при помощи специализированных опросников отсутствие этих осложнений отмечено лишь в 68 %, 52 %, 43 % циклов соответственно. Таким образом, если ориентироваться на стандартные инструменты фиксации осложнений (дневниковые записи, листы назначений), более чем у 80 % детей, получающих высокоэметогенную цитостатическую терапию, удается достигнуть полного контроля ТИР, и данное осложнение действительно не представляет клинически значимой проблемы. Однако при использовании опросника и специализированных шкал становится очевидным, что половины детей продолжают страдать от ТИР, несмотря на проводимую стандартную профилактику этого осложнения.Выводы. Проведенный анализ показывает, что частота развития ТИР при проведении рутинной антиэметической профилактики явно недооценена, и отчасти из-за этого ТИР остается за пределами внимания детских онкологов и гематологов. Для адекватной оценки истинной частоты развития ТИР и соответственно определения потребности в улучшении существующих подходов к их профилактике, ключевую роль должны играть специализированные опросники и шкалы, которые в полной мере позволяют «визуализировать» данное осложнение.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Despite significant advances in prevention, chemotherapy-induced (cytostatic therapy) nausea and vomiting (CINV) continues present a significant clinical problem for patients oncohematological profile, while often remaining outside areas of attention of pediatric oncologists and hematologists.The aim of the study – frequency comparison of occurrence CINV according to data obtained from the medical database documentation (retrospective group) and data obtained in the process assessment of CINV using a modified questionnaire and specialized scales (prospective group).Materials and methods. The retrospective group included 52 patients who received 178 cycles of highly emetogenic anticancer therapy with standard antiemetic prophylaxis from 02/01/2020 to 08/01/2020, in prospective – 88 patients who received 456 cycles of a similar anticancer therapy with standard CINV prophylaxis from 10/01/2020 until 07/01/2021.Results. Although the groups were comparable in terms of key patient characteristics, chemotherapy regimens, and regimen prevention of CINV, the frequency of complete control of CINV between them is significantly was different: when analyzing the primary documentation, it turned out that the complete control of CINV in the acute, delayed and general periods is observed in 82 %, 86 %, 82 % cycles, while when assessing CINV using specialized questionnaires, the absence of these complications was noted only in 68 %, 52 %, 43 % of cycles. Thus, if we focus on standard tools fixing complications (diary entries, prescription lists), in more than 80 % of children receiving highly emetogenic cytostatic therapy it is possible to achieve complete control of CINV, and this complication does not really pose a clinically significant problem. However, when using a questionnaire and specialized scales, it becomes obvious that that more than half of children continue to suffer from CINV despite the standard prophylaxis of this complication.Conclusion. In this way, the analysis performed shows that the frequency of development of CINV during routine antiemetic prophylaxis is clearly underestimated, and, in part, due to this CINV and remains outside the attention of pediatric oncologists and hematologists. For an adequate assessment of the true incidence of CINV and, accordingly, determining the need for improvement of existing approaches to their prevention, a key role should be played specialized questionnaires and scales that fully allow “visualize” this complication.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тошнота и рвота</kwd><kwd>индуцированные цитостатической терапией</kwd><kwd>противорвотная терапия</kwd><kwd>антиэметики</kwd><kwd>шкалы и опросники для оценки тошноты и рвоты</kwd><kwd>дети и подростки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nausea and vomiting induced by cytostatic therapy</kwd><kwd>antiemetic therapy</kwd><kwd>antiemetics</kwd><kwd>scales and questionnaires for assessments of nausea and vomiting</kwd><kwd>children and adolescents</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жуков Н.В., Казакова Л.Л., Новичкова Г.А. 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