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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-1-33-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-919</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность и безопасность применения прямых пероральных антикоагулянтов у детей в реальной клинической практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants in children in real clinical practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2719-1233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яфошкина</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yafoshkina</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, врач-гематолог консультативного отделения, врач-гематолог отделения детской гематологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p><p>143003, Одинцово, бул. Любы Новоселовой, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Hematologist of Outpatient Consultative Unit, Hematologist Department of Pediatric Hematology</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p><p>6 Lyuby Novoselovoy Blvd., Odintsovo, 143003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yafoshkina.tatyana@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0053-0146</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шифрин</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shifrin</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-клинический фармаколог</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Pharmacologist </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc.shifrin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4567-1871</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-педиатр, врач-гематолог консультативного отделения, младший научный сотрудник отдела патологии гемостаза</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Hematologist of Outpatient Consultative Unit, Research Associate of Hemostasis Pathology Unit</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">darya.v.fedorova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4555-9337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Флоринский</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Florinskiy</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, врач-гематолог консультативного отделения, врач-гематолог отделения детской гематологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p><p>143003, Одинцово, бул. Любы Новоселовой, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Hematologist of Outpatient Consultative Unit, Hematologist Department of Pediatric Hematology </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p><p>6 Lyuby Novoselovoy Blvd., Odintsovo, 143003</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mitia94@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2801-7421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстратов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstratov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-детский онколог отделения онкогематологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Oncologist, Department of Oncohematology </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Evstratov.d.a@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-6754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жарков</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharkov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., врач-педиатр, врач-гематолог консультативного отделения, заведующий отделом патологии гемостаза</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p><p>Web of Science ResearcherID: AAP-9203-2020</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Pediatrician, Hematologist Outpatient Consultative Unit, Head of the Hemostasis Pathology Department</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavel.zharkov@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ МО «Одинцовская областная больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Odintsovo Regional Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яфошкина Т.Ю., Шифрин Ю.А., Федорова Д.В., Флоринский Д.Б., Евстратов Д.А., Жарков П.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яфошкина Т.Ю., Шифрин Ю.А., Федорова Д.В., Флоринский Д.Б., Евстратов Д.А., Жарков П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yafoshkina T.Y., Shifrin Y.A., Fedorova D.V., Florinskiy D.B., Evstratov D.A., Zharkov P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/919">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/919</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В дополнение к стандартному подходу в последнее десятилетие были широко изучены для применения у пациентов детского возраста прямые пероральные антикоагулянты (ПОАК). Несмотря на многообещающие результаты клинических испытаний, дальнейшие исследования, направленные на оценку эффективности и безопасности этих препаратов у детей и подростков, по-прежнему необходимы.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить безопасность и эффективность применения ПОАК у детей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование носило ретроспективный моноцентровой характер. Были проанализированы истории болезни стационарных и амбулаторных пациентов в возрасте от 0 до 17 лет, получавших терапию апиксабаном, ривароксабаном или дабигатраном. Критериями исключения были артериальный тромбоз, терапия ПОАК менее 14 дней, комбинированная антикоагулянтная терапия и невозможность последующего наблюдения. Оценивалась частота ретромбозов и кровотечений.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. За период с 2013 по 2022 г. в НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева наблюдались 67 пациентов, получавших ПОАК. Больные были разделены на 2 группы: 1-я – 6 пациентов, получавших первичную профилактическую антикоагулянтную терапию, и 2-я – 61 больной, получавшие ПОАК в качестве вторичной антитромботической профилактики после перенесенного тромбоза глубоких вен. Медиана времени наблюдения составила 46 (25–365) дней в 1-й группе и 4 мес (2 нед – 36 мес) во 2-й группе. В 1-й группе не было ни одного эпизода венозной тромбоэмболии (ВТЭ), было зарегистрировано 1 (16,7 %) незначительное кровотечение; во 2-й группе – 1 (2 %) крупное и 4 (6 %) незначительных кровотечения. У 4 (6 %) пациентов во 2-й группе были рецидивы ВТЭ.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Большинство пациентов в этом исследовании получали ривароксабан (79 %). Мы обнаружили умеренно повышенную частоту рецидивов ВТЭ, которые могли быть результатом длительного периода наблюдения, и сопоставимую частоту кровотечений, все они были связаны с терапией ривароксабаном. В дальнейшем особо интересными, на наш взгляд, являются проспективные исследования ПОАК в качестве первичной антитромботической профилактики, а также вторичной профилактики в группах наиболее высокого риска и результаты анализа их применения в реальной клинической практике.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. As well as standard anticoagulants, direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) have been approved for treatment of thromboembolism in children, recently. Several clinical trials provide promising data on efficacy and safety of DOAC in children and young adults. But further studies aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of these drugs in children and adolescents are still needed.</p><p>The aim of the study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the use DOACs in children.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We have retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients (0–17 years) of from 2013 to 2022 at our tertiary care Centre and selected patients, who were treated with apixaban, rivaroxaban or dabigatran for more than 14 days. Patients with arterial thrombosis, children, who were treated with combined anticoagulant therapy and those who were unable for follow-up were excluded. We assessed the rates of bleeding and recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. There were 67 patients, who were treated with DOAC in our center. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those, who received prophylactic anticoagulation (group 1 – 6 patients), and patients, who received DOAC therapy after venous thromboembolism (group 2 – 61 patients). The median follow-up time was 46 (25–365) days in the group 1, and 4 months (2 weeks – 36 month) in the group 2. There were no VTE episodes and 1 minor bleeding in group 1, while 1 (2 %) major, 4 (6 %) minor bleeding episodes in group 2. There were 4 (6 %) patients with recurrent VTE in group 2.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The majority of patients in this study received rivaroxaban (79 %). We found a moderately increased recurrence rate of VTE, which could be the result of a long follow-up period, and a comparable rate of bleeding, all of which were associated with rivaroxaban therapy. In the future, of particular interest, in our opinion, are prospective studies of DOACs as primary antithrombotic prophylaxis, as well as secondary prophylaxis in the highest-risk groups, and the results of an analysis of their use in real clinical practice.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>прямые пероральные антикоагулянты у детей</kwd><kwd>терапия тромбозов</kwd><kwd>тромбозы у детей</kwd><kwd>антикоагулянты</kwd><kwd>новые пероральные антикоагулянты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>direct oral anticoagulants in children</kwd><kwd>thrombosis therapy</kwd><kwd>thrombosis in children</kwd><kwd>anticoagulants</kwd><kwd>new oral anticoagulants</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raffini L., Huang Y.S., Witmer C., Feudtner C. 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