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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-1-41-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-920</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Подходы к терапии мультисистемной формы ювенильной ксантогранулемы с поражением центральной нервной системы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Approaches to the treatment of a multisystem form of juvenile xanthogranuloma with central nervous system lesion</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4244-7110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Натрусова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Natrusova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-ординатор по специальности «детская онкология»</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Resident Doctor specializing in “Pediatric Oncology”</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maryvit14@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3623-6547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурцев</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burtsev</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-гематолог отделения ТКМ и ГСК</p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hematologist Department of HSCT</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">burcev.evgeniy@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2414-225X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бронина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bronina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-невролог отделения ТКМ и ГСК</p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Neurologist Department of HSCT</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Nata-dim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9968-9332</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипова</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipova</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинико-лабораторной диагностики</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d_ossipova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8610-0624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсеев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evseev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-аллерголог-иммунолог отделения детской гематологии/онкологии</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Allergist-Immunologist Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitryevseev1991@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-3431</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селивёрстова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seliverstova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-рентгенолог </p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Radiologist Department of Radiation Diagnostics</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eselivers@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0694-3996</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бронин</surname><given-names>Г. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bronin</surname><given-names>G. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, заведующий отделением ТКМ и ГСК</p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Docent, Head of Department of HSCT</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gleb-bronin@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1735-0093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, врач-гематолог отделения ТКМ и ГСК, заместитель генерального директора – директор Института молекулярной и экспериментальной медицины</p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Hematologist Department of HSCT, Deputy General Director – Director of the Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mmaschan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-2410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кумирова</surname><given-names>Э. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kumirova</surname><given-names>Е. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., врач-детский онколог, заместитель главного врача по онкологии</p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Pediatric Oncologist, Deputy Chief Physician for Oncology</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k_ella2004@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России;</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Morozovskaya Children’s Clinical Hospital, Department of Health in Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»; ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Morozovskaya Children’s Clinical Hospital, Department of Health in Moscow; Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Натрусова М.В., Бурцев Е.А., Бронина Н.В., Осипова Д.С., Евсеев Д.А., Селивёрстова Е.В., Бронин Г.О., Масчан М.А., Кумирова Э.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Натрусова М.В., Бурцев Е.А., Бронина Н.В., Осипова Д.С., Евсеев Д.А., Селивёрстова Е.В., Бронин Г.О., Масчан М.А., Кумирова Э.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Natrusova M.V., Burtsev E.A., Bronina N.V., Osipova D.S., Evseev D.A., Seliverstova E.V., Bronin G.O., Maschan M.A., Kumirova Е.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/920">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/920</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ювенильная ксантогранулема (ЮКГ) является наиболее распространенной формой нелангергансоклеточных гистиоцитозов. Кожные формы заболевания спонтанно регрессируют в течение нескольких лет, в то время как системные формы ЮКГ требуют проведения специфической терапии и могут представлять угрозу для жизни пациентов. Ввиду отсутствия единого подхода к лечению мультисистемных форм ЮКГ вопрос эффективной тактики терапии остается нерешенным. Наиболее часто используют схемы полихимиотерапии (ПХТ) для лечения гистиоцитоза из клеток Лангерганса (ГКЛ). В связи с развитием представления о молекулярно-генетической характеристике ЮКГ, а именно ведущем значении мутаций MEK-ERK сигнального пути в патогенезе ЮКГ, все чаще для ее лечения рассматриваются таргетные препараты, а именно BRAF- и MEK-ингибиторы.</p></sec><sec><title>Клинические случаи</title><p>Клинические случаи. Нами представлены 2 случая мультисистемной формы ЮКГ с поражением центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). У первой пациентки с поражением ЦНС и кожи проводилась ПХТ, разработанная для лечения мультисистемного ГКЛ, с достижением ответа AD better (active disease better, активное заболевание с признаками улучшения). У второй пациентки с поражением головного мозга, легких, костей и надпочечника выполнялась комбинированная таргетная терапия BRAF- и MEK-ингибиторами (вемурафениб и кобиметиниб), что позволило достичь статуса NAD (non active disease, отсутствие признаков активности заболевания).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Мультисистемная форма ЮКГ с поражением ЦНС – редкое онкологическое заболевание, терапия которого не разработана. В настоящее время в связи с развитием представлений о патогенезе заболевания и внедрением технологии молекулярно-генетического профилирования стало возможным получать ответ NAD при использовании таргетной терапии ЮКГ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is the most common form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytic disorder. Cutaneous forms of the disease spontaneously regress within a few years, while systemic forms of JXG require treatment and may pose a threat to the lives of patients. Due to the lack of unified approach to the treatment of multisystem forms of JXG, the question of effective therapy tactics remains unresolved. The most common approach is to use Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) treatment regimens for JXG. With the understanding of the leading role of mutations in the MEK-ERK signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of JXG, targeted therapy, BRAF- and MEK-inhibitors, are increasingly being considered in the treatment of JXG.</p></sec><sec><title>Clinical cases</title><p>Clinical cases. We present two cases of multisystem JXG with central nervous system (CNS) lesions. The first patient with CNS and skin lesions was treated with chemotherapy, developed for the treatment of multisystem LCH, which allowed us to obtain an effect “active disease better” (AD better). The second JXG patient with brain, lungs, bones, and adrenal gland lesions, combined targeted therapy with BRAF- and MEKinhibitors, vemurafenib and cobimetinib, resulted in a “non active disease” (NAD) effect.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Multisystem form of JXG with CNS involvement is a rare oncological disease, the therapy of which has not been developed. With the introduction of molecular genetic profiling technology, it became possible to obtain NAD effect using targeted therapy.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ювенильная ксантогранулема</kwd><kwd>нелангергансоклеточный гистиоцитоз</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd><kwd>BRAFингибитор</kwd><kwd>MEK-ингибитор</kwd><kwd>вемурафениб</kwd><kwd>кобиметиниб</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>juvenile xanthogranuloma</kwd><kwd>non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd><kwd>BRAF-inhibitor</kwd><kwd>MEK-inhibitor</kwd><kwd>vemurafenib</kwd><kwd>cobimetinib</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование было частично поддержано Российским научным фондом (РНФ) грант № 22-15-00450 (М.А. Масчан, Д.А. Евсеев, Е.В. Райкина, Д.С. Осипова).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was partially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) grant    No. 22-15-00450 (M.A. Maschan, D.A. Evseev, E.V. Raykina, D.S. Osipova).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pantalon A., Ștefănache T., Danciu M., Zurac S., Chiseliță D. Iris juvenile xanthogranuloma in an infant – spontaneous hyphema and secondary glaucoma. Rom J Ophthalmol. 2017;61(3):229–36. doi: 10.22336/rjo.2017.41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pantalon A., Ștefănache T., Danciu M., Zurac S., Chiseliță D. Iris juvenile xanthogranuloma in an infant – spontaneous hyphema and secondary glaucoma. Rom J Ophthalmol. 2017;61(3):229–36. doi: 10.22336/rjo.2017.41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oliveira T.E., Tarlé R.G., Mesquita L. Dermoscopy in the diagnosis of juvenile xanthogranuloma. 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