<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-4-13-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-984</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт применения BRAF-ингибиторов в режиме монотерапии и в комбинации с цитозина арабинозидом и 2-хлор-2'дезоксиаденозином у детей с различными формами гистиоцитоза из клеток Лангерганса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The use of BRAF-inhibitors as monotherapy and in combination with cytosine arabinoside and 2-chloro-2’deoxyadenosine in pediatric patients with different forms of Langerhans cell histiocytosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3623-6547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурцев</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burtsev</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-гематолог отделения ТКМ и ГСК </p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hematologist Department of HSCT</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">burcev.evgeniy@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8610-0624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсеев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evseev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-аллерголог-иммунолог отделения детской гематологии/онкологии </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Allergist-Immunologist Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitryevseev1991@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8751-0434</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газиев</surname><given-names>И. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaziev</surname><given-names>I. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинико-лабораторной диагностики</p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gazi3003@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., заведующая молекулярно-генетической лабораторией </p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>L.L. Lebedeva: Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), Head of Molecular Genetics Department</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lebedeval@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-9201</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скобеев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skobeev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-патологоанатом патологоанатомического отделения </p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pathologist Pathology Department</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitry.skobeev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9968-9332</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипова</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipova</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинико-лабораторной диагностики </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d_ossipova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0694-3996</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бронин</surname><given-names>Г. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bronin</surname><given-names>G. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, заведующий отделением ТКМ и ГСК </p><p>119049, Москва, 4-й Добрынинский пер., 1/9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Docent, Head of Department of HSCT</p><p>1/9 4th Dobryninskiy Per., Moscow, 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gleb-bronin@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1735-0093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заместитель генерального директора – директор Института молекулярной и экспериментальной медицины </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Саморы Машела, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Deputy General Director – Director of the Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine </p><p>1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mmaschan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Morozovskaya Children’s Clinical Hospital, Department of Health in Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бурцев Е.А., Евсеев Д.А., Газиев И.Р., Лебедева Л.Л., Скобеев Д.А., Осипова Д.С., Бронин Г.О., Масчан М.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бурцев Е.А., Евсеев Д.А., Газиев И.Р., Лебедева Л.Л., Скобеев Д.А., Осипова Д.С., Бронин Г.О., Масчан М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Burtsev E.A., Evseev D.A., Gaziev I.R., Lebedeva L.L., Skobeev D.A., Osipova D.S., Bronin G.O., Maschan M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/984">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/984</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Гистиоцитоз из клеток Лангерганса (ГКЛ) – это редкое заболевание, которое возникает в результате аномальной пролиферации и экспансии миелоидных предшественников. В настоящее время показано, что в основе патогенеза заболевания лежит возникновение мутаций в генах ключевых киназ MAPK-сигнального пути, приводящих к его патологической активации. Наиболее часто у пациентов с ГКЛ выявляются мутации в генах BRAF и MAP2K1. Многочисленные исследования показали эффективность применения BRAF-ингибиторов у больных ГКЛ.</p><p>Цель исследования – анализ опыта применения BRAF-ингибитора вемурафениба у пациентов с различными формами ГКЛ в режиме монотерапии и в комбинации с химиотерапией цитозина арабинозидом (ARA-C) и 2-хлор-2'-дезоксиаденозином (2-СdA) в ГБУЗ «Морозовская ДГКБ ДЗМ».</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Общее число пациентов, включенных в исследование, составило 15 человек. У 14 больных были выявлены мутации в гене BRAF, у 1 пациентки – мутация в гене MAP2K1. Пациенты с поражением органов риска (ОР), вошедшие в группу 1 (n = 9), получали комбинированную терапию вемурафенибом и ARA-C/2-CdA. Пациенты без поражения ОР, вошедшие в группу 2 (n = 6), получали терапию вемурафенибом в монорежиме. Оценка ответа на проводимую терапию в 1-й группе проводилась в соответствии со шкалой DAS, во 2-й группе – в соответствии со шкалой RECIST v1.1. Оценка токсичности в обеих группах проводилась в соответствии со шкалой CTCAE v5.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Все больные в 1-й группе достигли статуса неактивного заболевания c медианой в 35 (28–61) дней. В группе 2 частичный ответ на проводимую терапию вемурафенибом был зафиксирован у 5 из 6 больных. У 2 пациентов в данной группе через 3 мес после окончания приема таргетной терапии был диагностирован рецидив заболевания. Использование вемурафениба было ассоциировано с развитием характерного для BRAF-ингибиторов фотодерматита, однако случаев токсичности III–IV степени по шкале CTCAE зафиксировано не было.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение вемурафениба позволило добиться ответа на проводимую терапию у пациентов в обеих группах. Использование препарата не было ассоциировано с высоким уровнем токсичности. Комбинация вемурафениба и ARA-C/2-CdA показала высокую эффективность и хорошую переносимость у наиболее тяжелой группы больных с ГКЛ – пациентов с поражением ОР. Два случая рецидива заболевания после отмены таргетной терапии у детей из группы 2 показывают, что использование ингибиторов в монорежиме не всегда позволяет добиться долгосрочного ответа на проводимое лечение.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease that occurs due to abnormal proliferation and expansion of myeloid precursors. The occurrence of mutations in genes that encode key kinases of MAPK-signaling pathway leads to its pathological activation and has been shown the cause of disease. Mutations in BRAF and MAP2K1 genes are the most frequent among LCH patients. The effectiveness of BRAF-inhibitors in LCH patients has been shown in numerous studies.</p><p>The purpose of the study – analyze the experience of BRAF-inhibitor vemurafenib administration as monotherapy and in combination with cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) and 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (2-CdA) in pediatric patients with different forms of LCH.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Fifteen patients with various forms of LCH were enrolled in the study. BRAF mutations were detected in 14 patients, mutation in the MAP2K1 gene was detected in one case. Patients with “risk organ” (RO) involvement were included in the first group (n = 9). These patients received combined therapy with vemurafenib and ARA-C/2-CdA. Patients without RO involvement, included in group 2 (n = 6), received vemurafenib as monotherapy. The assessment of the response to the therapy in group 1 was carried out in accordance with the DAS scale, in group 2 in accordance with the RECIST v1.1. The toxicity assessment in both groups was carried out in accordance with the CTCAE v5.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. All patients in group 1 achieved non-active disease status with a median of 35 (28–61) days. In group 2 partial response to vemurafenib was achieved in 5 cases. Relapse after targeted therapy termination was diagnosed in two patients. Photodermatitis was the most common side effect of targeted therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The use of vemurafenib was effective in both groups. There were no cases of grade III–IV toxicity according to CTCAE v5.0 associated with vemurafenib administration in this study. The combination of vemurafenib and ARA-C/2-CdA showed high efficacy and good tolerability in group 1. Two cases of disease relapse after targeted therapy cessation in group 2 show that the monotherapy approach does not always allow to achieve long-term remission in LCH patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гистиоцитоз из клеток Лангерганса</kwd><kwd>BRAF-ингибиторы</kwd><kwd>вемурафениб</kwd><kwd>таргетная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Langerhans cell histiocytosis</kwd><kwd>BRAF-inhibitors</kwd><kwd>vemurafenib</kwd><kwd>targeted therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haupt R., Minkov M., Astigarraga I., Schäfer E., Nanduri V., Jubran R., Egeler R.M., Janka G., Micic D., Rodriguez-Galindo C., Van Gool S., Visser J., Weutzman S., Donadieu J. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH): Guidelines for diagnosis, clinical work-up, and treatment for patients till the age of 18 years. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2013;60(2):175–84. doi: 10.1002/PBC.24367.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haupt R., Minkov M., Astigarraga I., Schäfer E., Nanduri V., Jubran R., Egeler R.M., Janka G., Micic D., Rodriguez-Galindo C., Van Gool S., Visser J., Weutzman S., Donadieu J. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH): Guidelines for diagnosis, clinical work-up, and treatment for patients till the age of 18 years. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2013;60(2):175–84. doi: 10.1002/PBC.24367.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бурцев Е.А., Бронин Г.О. Гистиоцитоз из клеток Лангерганса у детей: обзор литературы. Вопросы современной педиатрии. 2023;22(1):13–22. doi: 10.15690/vsp.v22i1.2520.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burtsev E.A., Bronin G.O. Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Children: Literature Review. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii = Current Pediatrics. 2023;22(1):13–22. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Badalian-Very G., Vergilio J.-A., Degar B.A., MacConaill L.E., Brandner B., Calicchio M.L., Kuo F.C., Ligon A.H., Stevenson K.E., Kehoe S.M., Garraway L.A., Hahn W.C., Meyerson M., Fleming M.D., Rollins B.J. Recurrent BRAF mutations in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Blood. 2010;116(11):1919–23. doi: 10.1182/blood-2010-04-279083.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Badalian-Very G., Vergilio J.-A., Degar B.A., MacConaill L.E., Brandner B., Calicchio M.L., Kuo F.C., Ligon A.H., Stevenson K.E., Kehoe S.M., Garraway L.A., Hahn W.C., Meyerson M., Fleming M.D., Rollins B.J. Recurrent BRAF mutations in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Blood. 2010;116(11):1919–23. doi: 10.1182/blood-2010-04-279083.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown N.A., Furtado L.V., Betz B.L., Kiel M.J., Weigelin H.C., Lim M.S., Elenitoba-Johnson K.S.J. High prevalence of somatic MAP2K1 mutations in BRAF V600E-negative Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Blood. 2014:124(10):1655–8. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-05-577361.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown N.A., Furtado L.V., Betz B.L., Kiel M.J., Weigelin H.C., Lim M.S., Elenitoba-Johnson K.S.J. High prevalence of somatic MAP2K1 mutations in BRAF V600E-negative Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Blood. 2014:124(10):1655–8. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-05-577361.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ottaviano M., Giunta E.F., Tortora M., Curvietto M., Attademo L., Bosso D., Cardalesi C., Rosanova M., De Placido P., Pietroluongo E., Riccio V., Mucci B., Parola S., Vitale M.G., Palmieri G., Daniele B., Simeone E., and on behalf of SCITO YOUTH. BRAF Gene and Melanoma: Back to the Future. Int J Mol Sci. 2021:22(7):3474. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073474.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ottaviano M., Giunta E.F., Tortora M., Curvietto M., Attademo L., Bosso D., Cardalesi C., Rosanova M., De Placido P., Pietroluongo E., Riccio V., Mucci B., Parola S., Vitale M.G., Palmieri G., Daniele B., Simeone E., and on behalf of SCITO YOUTH. BRAF Gene and Melanoma: Back to the Future. Int J Mol Sci. 2021:22(7):3474. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073474.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bu R., Siraj A.K., Masoodi T., Parvathareddy S.K., Iqbal K., Al-Rasheed M., Haqawi W., Diaz M., Vistoria I.G., Aldughaiter S.M., Al-Sobhi S.S., Al-Dayel F., Al-Kuraya K.S. Recurrent somatic MAP2K1 mutations in papillary thyroid cancer and colorectal cancer. Front Oncol. 2021;11:670423. doi: 10.3389/FONC.2021.670423.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bu R., Siraj A.K., Masoodi T., Parvathareddy S.K., Iqbal K., Al-Rasheed M., Haqawi W., Diaz M., Vistoria I.G., Aldughaiter S.M., Al-Sobhi S.S., Al-Dayel F., Al-Kuraya K.S. Recurrent somatic MAP2K1 mutations in papillary thyroid cancer and colorectal cancer. Front Oncol. 2021;11:670423. doi: 10.3389/FONC.2021.670423.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Nunno V., Gatto L., Tosoni A., Bartolini S., Franceschi E. Implications of BRAF V600E mutation in gliomas: Molecular considerations, prognostic value and treatment evolution. Front Oncol. 2022;12:1067252. doi: 10.3389/FONC.2022.1067252.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Nunno V., Gatto L., Tosoni A., Bartolini S., Franceschi E. Implications of BRAF V600E mutation in gliomas: Molecular considerations, prognostic value and treatment evolution. Front Oncol. 2022;12:1067252. doi: 10.3389/FONC.2022.1067252.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Venkatesh A., Joshi A., Allinson K., Das T., Santarius T., Jeff eries S.J., Harris F.P., Jena R., Doherty G.J. Response to BRAF and MEK1/2 inhibition in a young adult with BRAF V600E mutant epithelioid glioblastoma multiforme: A Case Report and Literature Revie. Cur Prob Cancer. 2021:45(5):100701. doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2020.100701.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Venkatesh A., Joshi A., Allinson K., Das T., Santarius T., Jeff eries S.J., Harris F.P., Jena R., Doherty G.J. Response to BRAF and MEK1/2 inhibition in a young adult with BRAF V600E mutant epithelioid glioblastoma multiforme: A Case Report and Literature Revie. Cur Prob Cancer. 2021:45(5):100701. doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2020.100701.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lelliott E.J., McArthur G.A., Oliaro J., Sheppard K.E. Immunomodulatory Eff ects of BRAF, MEK, and CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Implications for Combining Targeted Therapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade for the Treatment of Melanoma. Front Immunol. 2021;7(12):661737. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.661737.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lelliott E.J., McArthur G.A., Oliaro J., Sheppard K.E. Immunomodulatory Eff ects of BRAF, MEK, and CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Implications for Combining Targeted Therapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade for the Treatment of Melanoma. Front Immunol. 2021;7(12):661737. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.661737.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heisig A., Sörensen J., Zimmermann S.Y., Schöning S., Schwabe D., Kvasnicka H.M., Schwentner R., Hutter C., Lehrnbecher T. Vemurafenib in Langerhans cell histiocytosis: report of a pediatric patient and review of the literature. Oncotarget. 2018;9(31):22236–40. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.25277.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heisig A., Sörensen J., Zimmermann S.Y., Schöning S., Schwabe D., Kvasnicka H.M., Schwentner R., Hutter C., Lehrnbecher T. Vemurafenib in Langerhans cell histiocytosis: report of a pediatric patient and review of the literature. Oncotarget. 2018;9(31):22236–40. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.25277.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Donadieu J., Larabi I.A., Tardieu M., Visser J., Hutter C., Sieni E., Kabbara N., Barkaoui M., Miron J., Chalard F., Milne P., Haroche J., Cohen F., Hélias-Rodzewicz Z., Simon N., Jehanne M., Kolenova A., Pagnier A., Aladjidi N., Schneider P., Plat G., Lutun A., Sonntagbauer A., Lehrnbecher T., Ferster A., Efremova V., Ahlmann M., Blanc L., Nicholson J., Lambilliote A., Boudiaf H., Lissat A., Svojgr K., Bernard F., Elitzur S., Golan M., Evseev D., Maschan M., Idbaih A., Slater O., Minkov M., Taly V., Collin M., Alvarez J.C., Emile J.F., Héritier S. Vemurafenib for Refractory Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Children: An International Observational Study. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(31):2857–65. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.00456.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Donadieu J., Larabi I.A., Tardieu M., Visser J., Hutter C., Sieni E., Kabbara N., Barkaoui M., Miron J., Chalard F., Milne P., Haroche J., Cohen F., Hélias-Rodzewicz Z., Simon N., Jehanne M., Kolenova A., Pagnier A., Aladjidi N., Schneider P., Plat G., Lutun A., Sonntagbauer A., Lehrnbecher T., Ferster A., Efremova V., Ahlmann M., Blanc L., Nicholson J., Lambilliote A., Boudiaf H., Lissat A., Svojgr K., Bernard F., Elitzur S., Golan M., Evseev D., Maschan M., Idbaih A., Slater O., Minkov M., Taly V., Collin M., Alvarez J.C., Emile J.F., Héritier S. Vemurafenib for Refractory Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Children: An International Observational Study. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(31):2857–65. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.00456.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evseev D., Osipova D., Kalinina I., Raykina E., Ignatova A., Lyudovskikh E., Baidildina D., Popov A., Zhogov V., Semchenkova A., Litvin E., Kotskaya N., Cherniak E., Voronin K., Burtsev E., Bronin G., Vlasova I., Purbueva B., Fink O., Pristanskova E., Dzhukaeva I., Erega E., Novichkova G., Maschan A., Maschan M. Vemurafenib combined with cladribine and cytarabine results in durable remission of pediatric BRAF V600E-positive LCH. Blood Adv. 2023;7(18):5246–57. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009067.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evseev D., Osipova D., Kalinina I., Raykina E., Ignatova A., Lyudovskikh E., Baidildina D., Popov A., Zhogov V., Semchenkova A., Litvin E., Kotskaya N., Cherniak E., Voronin K., Burtsev E., Bronin G., Vlasova I., Purbueva B., Fink O., Pristanskova E., Dzhukaeva I., Erega E., Novichkova G., Maschan A., Maschan M. Vemurafenib combined with cladribine and cytarabine results in durable remission of pediatric BRAF V600E-positive LCH. Blood Adv. 2023;7(18):5246–57. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022009067.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Donadieu J., Piguet C., Bernard F., Barkaoui M., Ouache M., Bertrand Y., Ibrahim H., Emile J.F., Hermine O., Tazi A., Genereau T., Thomas C. A new clinical score for disease activity in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2004;43(7):770–6. doi: 10.1002/pbc.20160.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Donadieu J., Piguet C., Bernard F., Barkaoui M., Ouache M., Bertrand Y., Ibrahim H., Emile J.F., Hermine O., Tazi A., Genereau T., Thomas C. A new clinical score for disease activity in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2004;43(7):770–6. doi: 10.1002/pbc.20160.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eisenhauer E.A., Therasse P., Bogaerts J., Schwartz L.H., Sargent D., Ford R., Dancey J., Arbuck S., Gwyther S., Mooney M., Rubinstein L., Shankar L., Dodd L., Kaplan R., Lacombe D., Verweij J. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009;45(2):228–47. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.10.026.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eisenhauer E.A., Therasse P., Bogaerts J., Schwartz L.H., Sargent D., Ford R., Dancey J., Arbuck S., Gwyther S., Mooney M., Rubinstein L., Shankar L., Dodd L., Kaplan R., Lacombe D., Verweij J. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009;45(2):228–47. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.10.026.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Freites-Martinez A., Santana N., Arias-Santiago S., Viera A. Using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE - Version 5.0) to Evaluate the Severity of Adverse Events of Anticancer Therapies. Actas Dermosifi liogr (Engl Ed). 2021;112(1):90–2. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2019.05.009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Freites-Martinez A., Santana N., Arias-Santiago S., Viera A. Using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE - Version 5.0) to Evaluate the Severity of Adverse Events of Anticancer Therapies. Actas Dermosifi liogr (Engl Ed). 2021;112(1):90–2. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2019.05.009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бурцев Е.А., Бронин Г.О. МЕК-ингибиторы в терапии гистиоцитоза из клеток Лангерганса. Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО). 2022;9(3):42–7. doi: 10.21682/23111267-2022-9-3-42-47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burtsev E.A., Bronin G.O. MEK-inhibitors in treatment of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Rossiyskiy zhurnal detskoy gematologii i onkologii = Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. 2022;9(3):42–7. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evseev D., Kalinina I., Raykina E., Osipova D., Abashidze Z., Ignatova A., Mitrofanova A., Maschan A., Novichkova G., Maschan M. Vemurafenib provides a rapid and robust clinical response in pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis with the BRAF V600E mutation but does not eliminate low-level minimal residual disease per ddPCR using cell-free circulating DNA. Int J Hematol. 2021;114(6):725–34. doi: 10.1007/s12185-021-03205-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evseev D., Kalinina I., Raykina E., Osipova D., Abashidze Z., Ignatova A., Mitrofanova A., Maschan A., Novichkova G., Maschan M. Vemurafenib provides a rapid and robust clinical response in pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis with the BRAF V600E mutation but does not eliminate low-level minimal residual disease per ddPCR using cell-free circulating DNA. Int J Hematol. 2021;114(6):725–34. doi: 10.1007/s12185-021-03205-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Корнеева М.С., Батманова Н.А., Валиев Т.Т., Киргизов К.И. Современные подходы к лечению рецидивов и рефрактерных форм гистиоцитоза из клеток Лангерганса. Обзор литературы. Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО). 2023;10(2):92–8. doi: 10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-2-92-98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korneeva M.S., Batmanova N.A., Valiev T.T., Kirgizov K.I. Modern approaches to the treatment of relapses and refractory forms of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Literature review. Rossiyskiy zhurnal detskoy gematologii i onkologii = Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. 2023;10(2):92–8. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Осипова Д.С., Райкина Е.В., Людовских Э.И., Евсеев Д.А., Калинина И.И., Байдильдина Д.Д., Попов А.М., Семченкова А.А., Бурцев Е.А., Бронин Г.О., Масчан А.А., Масчан М.А. Использование цифровой капельной полимеразной цепной реакции для молекулярной диагностики и мониторинга ответа на терапию при гистиоцитозе из клеток Лангерганса с мутацией BRAF V600E. Вопросы гематологии/онкологии и иммунопатологии в педиатрии. 2023;22(1):12–20. doi: 10.24287/1726-1708-2023-22-1-12-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osipova D.S., Raykina E.V., Lyudovskikh E.I., Evseev D.A., Kalinina I.I., Baydildina D.D., Popov A.M., Semchenkova A.A., Burtsev E.A., Bronin G.O., Maschan A.A., Maschan M.A. The use of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction for the molecular diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response in patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis with the BRAF V600E mutation. Voprosi gematologii/onkologii i immunopatologii v pediatrii = Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology. 2023;22(1):12–20. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
