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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nodgo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии (РЖДГиО)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-1267</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-5496</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LTD “Graphica”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-4-25-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nodgo-999</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярно-генетические методы оценки потери гетерозиготности HLA после аллогенной трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток у детей с острыми лейкозами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular biology techniques for assessing the loss of HLA heterozygosity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with acute leukemia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8000-3652</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бархатов</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barkhatov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник отдела клинической онкологии </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Рентгена, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Of. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher Department of Clinical Oncology</p><p>12 Rentgena St., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.barkhatov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4952-0704</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цветкова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsvetkova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-гематолог отделения трансплантации костного мозга для детей № 1 </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Рентгена, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hematologist Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation for Children No. 1</p><p>12 Rentgena St., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsvetluibov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3809-421X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинико-лабораторной диагностики</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Рентгена, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostics</p><p>12 Rentgena St., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leshechka10.09.84@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5455-860X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая лабораторией тканевого типирования </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Рентгена, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Laboratory of HLA-Typing</p><p>12 Rentgena St., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nivanova_78@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8168-6811</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Епифановская</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Epifanovskaya</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>биолог лаборатории трансплантационной иммунологии </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Рентгена, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Biologist of the Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology</p><p>12 Rentgena St., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epif-olga@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3436-5249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенко</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenko</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>биолог лаборатории трансплантологии и молекулярной гематологии </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Рентгена, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Biologist of the Laboratory of Transplantology and Molecular Hematology</p><p>12 Rentgena St., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fedya-julya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент кафедры радиотехнических систем</p><p>197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Sci. (Tech.), Associate Professor Department of Radio Engineering Systems </p><p>5 Professor Popov St., Saint Petersburg, 197376</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mdandmcandapl@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9589-4136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулагин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulagin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., директор; заведующий кафедрой гематологии, трансфузиологии и трансплантологии им. проф. Б.В. Афанасьева</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Рентгена, 12</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Director; Chair named after Professor B.V. Afanasyev </p><p>12 Rentgena St., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulagingem@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-7703</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубаровская</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubarovskaya</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., заместитель директора по трансплантации, руководитель отдела детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии; профессор кафедры гематологии, трансфузиологии и трансплантологии им. проф. Б.В. Афанасьева </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Рентгена, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director for Transplantation, Head of the Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology; , Professor for Hematology, Transfusiology and Transplantation Chair named after Professor B.V. Afanasyev </p><p>12 Rentgena St., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zubarovskaya_ls@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии имени Р.М. Горбачевой ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute of Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет «ЛЭТИ» имени В.И. Ульянова &#13;
(Ленина)» Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, Ministry for Education and Science of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бархатов И.М., Цветкова Л.А., Евдокимов А.В., Иванова Н.Е., Епифановская О.С., Семенко Ю.Г., Смирнов Б.И., Кулагин А.Д., Зубаровская Л.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бархатов И.М., Цветкова Л.А., Евдокимов А.В., Иванова Н.Е., Епифановская О.С., Семенко Ю.Г., Смирнов Б.И., Кулагин А.Д., Зубаровская Л.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barkhatov I.M., Tsvetkova L.A., Evdokimov A.V., Ivanova N.E., Epifanovskaya O.S., Semenko Y.G., Smirnov B.I., Kulagin A.D., Zubarovskaya L.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/999">https://journal.nodgo.org/jour/article/view/999</self-uri><abstract><p>Согласно ряду наблюдений, до трети посттрансплантационных рецидивов острых лейкозов у детей ассоциированы с потерей гетерозиготности главного комплекса гистосовместимости (HLA). При этом неэффективность реакции «трансплантат против лейкоза», проявляющаяся в отсутствии терапевтического эффекта от инфузии донорских лимфоцитов, указывает на необходимость своевременного выявления данного маркера в целях смены тактики лечения в посттрансплантационном периоде. В целях детекции потери гетерозиготности HLA довольно широко применяется метод с использованием коммерческой системы KMR-HLA, секвенирование нового поколения (NGS), а также метод на основе анализа высокополиморфных STR- и VNTR-маркеров, расположенных в районе HLA-локусов на коротком плече 6-й хромосомы. Ключевой задачей нашего исследования было сравнить информативность данных подходов в диагностике потери гетерозиготности HLA в посттрансплантационном периоде у детей. Полученные частоты выявления потери гетерозиготности HLA были сопоставимы с литературными данными и составили 23 % случаев посттрансплантационного рецидива B-линейного острого лимфобластного лейкоза (ОЛЛ), 33% – Т-линейного ОЛЛ и 23 % – острого миелоидного лейкоза. Также было показано, что метод, основанный на анализе STR-маркеров, обладает чувствительностью, сопоставимой с методами аллель-специфичной полимеразной цепной реакции и NGS, при этом проведение предварительного сортинга бластной популяции повышает чувствительность STR-анализа и может быть рекомендовано в рутинной практике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to several observations, up to a third of post-transplant relapses in childhood acute leukemia are associated with the loss of heterozygosity of the major histocompatibility complex (HLA). Furthermore, the inefficacy of the graft-versus-leukemia reaction, as evidenced by the lack of therapeutic effect from the infusion of donor lymphocytes, indicates the need for timely detection of this marker to change the treatment strategy in the post-transplant period. To detect the loss of HLA heterozygosity, the method using the commercial KMR-HLA system and analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS), as well as the method based on the analysis of highly polymorphic STR and VNTR markers located in the HLA loci region on the short arm of chromosome 6, are widely used. The primary objective of our study was to compare the informativeness of these approaches in diagnosing HLA heterozygosity loss in children during the post-transplant period. The obtained data on the frequency of detecting HLA heterozygosity loss were comparable to the literature data and constituted 23 % of cases of post-transplant relapse of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 33 % of cases of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and 23% of cases of acute myeloid leukemia. We also demonstrated that the method based on STR marker analysis has sensitivity comparable to allele-specific PCR and NGS sequencing methods. Meanwhile, preliminary sorting of the blast population increases the sensitivity of STR analysis and can be recommended in routine practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>потеря гетерозиготности HLA</kwd><kwd>острый лейкоз</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>loss of HLA heterozygosity</kwd><kwd>acute leukemia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng H.T., Peng Z.H., Li S., He L. Loss of heterozygosity analyzed by single nucleotide polymorphism array in cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2005;11(43):6740–4. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i43.6740.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng H.T., Peng Z.H., Li S., He L. 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