Dynamics of cancer incidence and structure of malignant tumors among adolescents aged 15–17 years by estimation of survival rates (population-based study)

Actuality. Malignant tumors (MT) in adolescents are rare that critically impedes research on dynamics and structure of cancer pathology. An even greater challenge is to develop comprehensive base of patients’ contingents since special treatment is only possible in large federal centers and extracts from case histories in most cases do not reach cancer institutions in patients’ residency.

Such problems affect St. Petersburg smaller as treatment of patients of this group is carried out in the city in a number of specialized clinics, research institutes, medical universities and academies but even here there is a loss.

To obtain more accurate data on MT prevalence among children and adolescents it is primarily necessary to create children’s populationbased cancer registry in the scale of the Federal district with giving him the status of the Population-based Cancer Registry with the right of use of personalized data and close mutual work with existing cancer registries of all Population-based cancer registries of administrative territories of the Federal district. The purpose of the study is to compare dynamics and structure of MT prevalence among adolescents and to estimate in dynamics of observed and relative survival rates of adolescents with MT.

Materials and methods. The study materials were taken from database of the Population-based cancer registry of St. Petersburg and there were used a set of standard methods of statistical analysis and the method of estimation of survival by constructing tables of expectancy.

Analysis of data obtained. There was performed a precise analysis of comparative data of MT prevalence among young men and girls of St. Petersburg for 1994–2014. There were estimated rates of a 5-year observed and relative survival of adolescents. The findings suggest a substantial increase in morbidity rates and particularly in their survival.

Conclusion. The study showed positive dynamics of MT morbidity among adolescents, stable structure of cancer pathology among young males, some changes in the structure of cancer pathology among females, a significant increase of a 5-year observed and relative survival.

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