В конце сентября ФНКЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева с визитом посетил Йоахим Шуц, который является руководителем Секции изучения влияния окружающей среды и радиации Международного агентства по изучению рака (МАИР) Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ). Йоахим Шуц специализируется на изучении популяционных данных по эпидемиологии злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО). Сегодня под его руководством реализуются такие проекты, как изучение эпидемиологических основ развития рака яичек; заболеваний, связанных с длительным воздействием асбеста или электромагнитного поля; радиации.

В рамках своего визита Йоахим Шуц провел встречи с руководством ФНКЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева – генеральным директором, президентом НОДГО, академиком РАН, проф. А.Г. Румянцевым и медицинским директором проф. Г.А. Новичковой, где были намечены планы развития взаимодействия. Й. Шуц прочитал лекцию по эпидемиологии рака и влиянию радиации на организм. Йоахим любезно согласился ответить на вопросы нашего журнала. Представляем вам интервью.

Сегодня все больше внимания в нашей работе уделяется аспектам не только патогенетического лечения, но и сопроводительной терапии, реабилитации и социальной адаптации пациентов и самое главное их семей. Если вопросы терапии могут решаться на уровне профессионального сообщества, то социальные вопросы делают проблему детской гематологии-онкологии общественной. Как быть, если возникают вопросы на работе? Что делать, если необходима реабилитация? Эти и многие другие вопросы встают перед родителями.

Мама ребенка со злокачественным новообразованием, которая столкнулась с такими проблемами, согласилась дать интервью РЖДГиО.

Оригинальная статья “The Importance of Including Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer in Their Advance Care Planning” (A Conversation With Chris Feudtner, MD, PhD, MPH. By Jo Cavallo. The ASCO Post: August 10, 2015, Volume 6, Issue 14) переводится и публикуется с особого разрешения авторов и издателя ASCO Post.

 Авторы перевода: Т.В. Шаманская, Д.Ю. Качанов, К.И. Киргизов.

Совместный проект ФНКЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева, НОДГО и Первого медицинского канала –
Школа «Детская гематология-онкология: вызов XXI века на стыке медицины, общества и экономики»

В рамках проекта «Центр нутритивной поддержки» 3 декабря 2015 г. на базе ЛРНЦ «Русское поле» прошел круглый стол «Роль питания в реабилитации детей с тяжелыми заболеваниями».

Introduction. The article is devoted to the personalized selection of chemotherapy for intracranial tumor cell cultures obtained from patients.

Materials and methods. In the primary cell cultures of intracranial tumors (pilocytic astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma and medulloblastoma), taken from 98 patients aged 3 months to 17 years, were evaluated their sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs (vincristine, carboplatin, methotrexate, temozolomide, cytarabine, cyclophosphamide, cisplatin and etoposide) by staining the cells with trypan blue in Goryaev chamber. Using principal component analysis and two-factor analysis of variance was adjusted depending on the chemosensitivity factor ‟patient”, the type of tumor, and the mechanism of action of chemotherapy.

Results. Based on cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs neuroepithelial tumors particular patient applying statistical methods of analysis allows to identify individual patients at high, moderate or low chemosensitivity, patients with chemotherapy and effectively act unidirectionally or differently and have weak cytotoxic effect on the tumor. Application of the method of two-way analysis of variance revealed that the main factor affecting the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs is a factor of the ‟patient”.

Conclusions. Application of principal component creates a scientific basis for the selection of individual schemes (protocols) therapy in this group of patients.

Background. High importance of problem of patient’s informing, especially in a question of informational wants, is connected with influence of expression of disease and treatment on observance of medical recommendations. Discussions on a problem of information disclosure both for parents/caregivers and patients (according theirs age features) are very important topic nowadays. Results of our previous study on information disclosure agreement between parents and physicians showed some distrust and difference in opinion between physicians and parents/caregivers. These results showed actuality of study of informational wants of children. Adolescents were chosen for this study due to permission for informed consent beginning from 15 years old.

Materials and methods. A special questionnaires for revelation of wants for information, expected and real ways of informing and information demands (form, volume, contents, sources, participants of informational process) were created by authors with the help of prof Elena V. Polevichenko for adolescents and theirs parents.

Study respondents: 1. Parents of adolescents (n = 54, age – 32–63 years old; М = 43,7; SD = 9,1; 53 females and 1 male); 2) Adolescents (n = 49; 14–18 years old; 16,4; SD = 2; 23 females and 26 males).

Results. Article showed high level of satisfaction of informing both for parents and adolescents. Parent’s condition connected with theirs own informing which significantly improves theirs satisfaction of informing of adolescents and allows them to ask physician to give information to theirs children. From parent’s point of view it’s important to receive information from physicians in proper time, regularly, clarify but in step-by-step regimen, in doses and in the conditions of privacy and support. Parent’s wants of adolescent’s informing are ambiguous and discrepant. From one side, fullness of informing of patients on parent’s opinion is connected with the age – they say about “child needs” beginning from the age of 13 years old. From another side parent’s of adolescents (after 15 year old) thinks that full informing of theirs children must be limited. In majority of cases parents are ready to inform children on diagnosis but don’t rule out to say about length and heaviness of treatment, side effects.

In majority of cases adolescents showed active interest for disease and treatment, as well as good contact with physician setting up. In contrast with parents they would like to have full information in majority of cases. The most frequent questions for adolescents are the origin of disease and personal hygiene. Satisfaction of adolescents of good contact and permanent interaction with physician is significantly correlated with theirs readiness for receiving of information and active participation in treatment.

Conclusion. The most complicated topics for discussion with parents and adolescents are not diagnosis, but information on legth and side effects of therapy.

Adolescents from theirs side declaring the readiness for bigger participation in receiving of information on treatment and have less level of requirements for intermediaries (parents/psychologists) then adults thinks. Complex approach for studying of information needs both parents and children allows to give physicians more exact and detailed recommendations for informing according the age features.

В 2014 г. мне посчастливилось поработать в составе
команды Eurocord. Начну, пожалуй, с предыстории.
В 2012 г. к нам в ФНКЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева
с визитом приехала профессор Элиан Глюкман (Фран-
ция), которая была одним из первопроходцев в области
трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток
пуповинной крови (ТГСК ПК). В частной беседе
с профессором Алексеем Александровичем Масчаном
она упомянула, что идет активный поиск кандидата на
вакансию исследователя в основанную ей организацию
“Eurocord”, которая занимается исследовательской
работой в области ТГСК ПК. Алексей Александрович
предложил мне на целый год занять эту должность
и я, конечно, согласилась.

This article contains information on Voronezh regional hem/onc center based on the Voronezh regional children's research hospital No. 1 as one of the biggest centers in Russian Federation.

History of the Center begins in 1991 when at the Base of the Voronezh regional children's research hospital the oncohematological department was found with the support of project «CARE Germany». This department was lead by Alexander Karelin. History of Voronezh hem/onc center inseparably connected with rapid development of all children’s hematology and oncology in Russia and with the eminent persons of Russian and Foreign pediatric hematologists and oncologists – A. Rumyantsev, V. Polyakov, B. Kornhuber, D. Harms.

History of the center development, scientific work and caring persons of Voronezh region is presented in this article. Today pediatric hem/onc center takes part in several international research project (ALL, Histiocytosis, CNS, bone tumours and inherited coagulopathies studies). These activities shows a wide range of activities of the Center.